Question

Directions: Summarize the article on item number 1 using a graphic organizer.

The context dictates and affects the way people communicate, which results in various speech styles. According to Joos (1968), there are five speech styles. These are (1) intimate, (2) casual, (3) consultative, (4) formal, and (5) frozen. Each style dictates what appropriate language or vocabulary should be used or observed.
1. Intimate – This style is private, which occurs between or among close family members or individuals. The language used in this style may not be shared in public.
2. Casual – This style is common among peers and friends. Jargon, slang, or the vernacular language are used.
3. Consultative – This style is the standard one. Professional or mutually acceptable language is a must in this style. Examples of situations are communication between teachers and students, employers and employees, doctor and patient, judge and lawyer, or President and his/her constituents.
4. Formal – This style is used in formal settings. Unlike the consultative style, this is one-way. Examples are sermons by priests and ministers, State of the Nation Address of the President, formal speeches, or pronouncements by judges.
5. Frozen – This style is “frozen” in time and remains unchanged. It mostly occurs in ceremonies. Common examples are the Preamble to the Constitution, Lord’s Prayer, and Allegiance to country or flag.

Answer 1

Graphic organizer (concept map) — Speech Style: Intimate

[Intimate]
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Definition Participants Language Context Examples
/ Settings Features
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Private style Close family Shared Private Family members
used between members, vocabulary, settings partners/
or among partners, nicknames, (not for close friends
close people very close inside public) whispered secrets
friends, etc. jokes, endear- pet names, slang
ments, reduced
grammar, nonverbal cues

Additional notes:
- Purpose: express intimacy, emotional support, identity, efficiency.
- Communication cues: relaxed tone, assumed shared knowledge, lots of implied meaning.
- Caution: not appropriate for public/formal situations; content may be private or sensitive.