Question

Which is considered a modern space exploration project rather than part of the Space Race or a future project?

launch a satellite
land on the moon
capture an asteroid
launch a space probe

Answer 1

Launch a space probe.

Reason: launching and operating robotic probes to study planets, comets, and other bodies is an ongoing, modern type of space exploration (examples: Voyager, Cassini, New Horizons, Juno), whereas launching the first satellites and landing on the Moon were central to the historical Space Race, and capturing an asteroid has been proposed as a future project.