Question

Which best explains why Constantinople did not fall until 1453?

The city was well protected and repelled attacks by invaders.
The city created alliances with Europeans to stop most attacks.
The city was far from Byzantine territories and only attacked once.
The city created alliances with invaders to stop most attacks.

Answer 1

The first option. Constantinople's massive defenses (especially the Theodosian Walls, sea chain across the Golden Horn, and its strategic peninsula location and naval strength) let it withstand many sieges until 1453, when Ottoman artillery and tactics finally breached the walls.