Question

In the late 20th century, the philosopher John Rawls introduced the concept of 'the original position' as a central feature of his theory of justice. He argued that individuals, situated behind a 'veil of ignorance' about their own advantages or disadvantages, would choose principles of justice that are fair to all. This theoretical scenario ensures that no one is advantaged or disadvantaged in the choice of principles by the outcome of natural chance or social circumstances. Rawls's thought experiment aimed to illustrate how a society could be structured to ensure justice and fairness, irrespective of the personal characteristics and social positions of its members.
Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?
A: To explain John Rawls's concept of 'the original position' and its significance in theories of justice
5
B: To argue that natural chance or social circumstances should not influence the principles of justice
5
C: To detail the process behind setting up a society based on fairness
5
D: To critique the effectiveness of the veil of ignorance in achieving social justice

Answer 1

A

The passage primarily explains Rawls's "original position" and the veil of ignorance and their role in his theory of justice; it does not argue for policy implementation (B/C) or offer a critique (D).