Question

A population of cheetahs on the plains in southern Africa has very little genetic variation compared to other species in the area. Scientists are concerned that the cheetah population will not survive extreme environmental changes. What is the name of the effect the scientist observed and why is it a concern?(1 point)
Responses

Frameshift mutation, because it only produces ineffective proteins
Frameshift mutation, because it only produces ineffective proteins

Substitution mutation, because the these mutations cannot be passed to offspring
Substitution mutation, because the these mutations cannot be passed to offspring

Disaster effect, because the cheetahs have mutated to produce ineffective proteins
Disaster effect, because the cheetahs have mutated to produce ineffective proteins

Bottleneck effect, because environmental stresses affecting one cheetah could affect them all
Bottleneck effect, because environmental stresses affecting one cheetah could affect them all

Crossing-over and independent assortment can occur during meiosis. How does this support the claim that meiosis results in inheritable genetic variations?(1 point)
Responses

It allows for new combinations of genes.
It allows for new combinations of genes.

It produces cells that have genetic combinations that aren’t passed on.
It produces cells that have genetic combinations that aren’t passed on.

It maintains genetic stability.
It maintains genetic stability.

It results in identical daughter cells.

Which example would likely result in new combinations of DNA in an individual's offspring?(1 point)
Responses

Homologous chromosomes failing to separate during meiosis.
Homologous chromosomes failing to separate during meiosis.

UV radiation causing a mutation in a skin cell resulting in melanoma.
UV radiation causing a mutation in a skin cell resulting in melanoma.

Sister chromatids crossing over during mitosis in a heart cell.
Sister chromatids crossing over during mitosis in a heart cell.

A spontaneous mutation to the DNA in a lung cell during mitosis.

Body size in mice is controlled in part by genetics. The following data show the number of mice grouped by lengths:

Number of Mice by Length Group
Length Group Number of Mice
Very small (4--5 cmcentimeter) 2
Small (5--7 cmcentimeter) 6
Average (7--10 cmcentimeter) 15
Large (10--12 cmcentimeter) 7
Very large (12--13 cmcentimeter) 1
A bar graph showing the Mouse Body Size in a Population.
▼Click for Long Desc
A bar graph displaying 'Mouse Body Size in a Population'. The vertical axis labeled 'Length (cm)' and the horizontal axis showing mouse size categories: Very Small (4-5 cm), Small (5-7 cm), Average (7-10 cm), Large (10-12 cm), and Very Large (12-13 cm). Blue bars indicate the count in each size category; Very Small has a bar around 2, Small is around 6, Average is around 15, Large is around 7, and Very Large is around 1. The Average size has the highest count.


Identify the inheritance pattern that this trait follows in mice.

(1 point)
Responses

complete dominance
complete dominance

polygenic
polygenic

Mendelian
Mendelian

incomplete dominance

Data is collected on the frequency of mountain bird songs at three different elevations. Data is collected from 100 birds at each elevation.

Low altitude: 80 below 1500 Hz
Medium altitude: 50 below 1500 Hz
High altitude: 20 below 1500 Hz

How does altitude relate to song frequency of birds?

(1 point)
Responses

Medium altitude has medium frequency songs.
Medium altitude has medium frequency songs.

Higher altitudes are correlated with lower song frequencies.
Higher altitudes are correlated with lower song frequencies.

Higher altitudes are correlated with higher song frequencies.
Higher altitudes are correlated with higher song frequencies.

Altitude does not affect bird song frequencies.

Answer 1

1) Bottleneck effect, because environmental stresses affecting one cheetah could affect them all.

2) It allows for new combinations of genes.

3) Homologous chromosomes failing to separate during meiosis. (This is the only option involving meiosis/gametes and can alter offspring genotypes.)

4) Polygenic.

5) Higher altitudes are correlated with higher song frequencies.