Question

Why is it difficult to create a vaccine against a common cold?(1 point)
Responses

Vaccines are unnecessary because antibiotics are an effective treatment.
Vaccines are unnecessary because antibiotics are an effective treatment.

The viral genome mutates very quickly.
The viral genome mutates very quickly.

It is impossible to create a vaccine against illnesses caused by proviruses.
It is impossible to create a vaccine against illnesses caused by proviruses.

Vaccines are only effective against bacterial infections.

As stem cells differentiate, they become more specialized. Identify the answer choice that orders the cell types from least differentiated to most differentiated.(1 point)
Responses

totipotent stem cells → pluripotent stem cells → multipotent stem cells → neuron
totipotent stem cells → pluripotent stem cells → multipotent stem cells → neuron

neuron → multipotent stem cells → pluripotent stem cells → totipotent stem cells
neuron → multipotent stem cells → pluripotent stem cells → totipotent stem cells

pluripotent stem cells → multipotent stem cells → totipotent stem cells → neuron
pluripotent stem cells → multipotent stem cells → totipotent stem cells → neuron

multipotent stem cells → totipotent stem cells → pluripotent stem cells → neuron

Which best describes the inputs and outputs of mitosis in a multicellular organism? (1 point)
Responses

Input: A stem cell in the growth phase
Output: Specialized cells, like neurons or kidney cells
Input: A stem cell in the growth phase Output: Specialized cells, like neurons or kidney cells

Input: Genetic material as DNA
Output: Diverse cell types arising from differentiation after division.
Input: Genetic material as DNA Output: Diverse cell types arising from differentiation after division.

Input: A single cell ready to divide
Output: Two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell and each other.
Input: A single cell ready to divide Output: Two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell and each other.

Input: Chromosomes lined up at the metaphase plate.
Output: Cells performing different functions.
Input: Chromosomes lined up at the metaphase plate. Output: Cells performing different functions.
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Question
Why are there different types of cells?(1 point)
Responses

Gene expression is different in specialized cells.
Gene expression is different in specialized cells.

Cells become specialized before mitosis begins.
Cells become specialized before mitosis begins.

There are not different types of cells.
There are not different types of cells.

Different types of cells have different chromosomes in them.
Different types of cells have different chromosomes in them.

Which biomolecule is the same in every cell of an organism?(1 point)
Responses

mRNA
mRNA

protein
protein

lipid
lipid

DNA
DNA

How does mitotic cell division contribute to multicellular organism growth?(1 point)
Responses

It increases the number of cells, contributing directly to the size and mass of an organism.
It increases the number of cells, contributing directly to the size and mass of an organism.

It alters the genetic materials in the cells, increasing diversity within tissues of the organism.
It alters the genetic materials in the cells, increasing diversity within tissues of the organism.

It reduces the number of cells by dividing, allowing for more efficient resource use.
It reduces the number of cells by dividing, allowing for more efficient resource use.

It produces cells with different genetic codes, so the organism can better adapt to environmental changes.

What kind of model should you choose to learn more about mitosis?(1 point)
Responses

a model that shows all of the the organelles of cells
a model that shows all of the the organelles of cells

a model that illustrates how a cell divides into two identical cells
a model that illustrates how a cell divides into two identical cells

a model that shows cell division for the production of gametes
a model that shows cell division for the production of gametes

a model that shows how proteins are made in the cell

Answer 1

1) The viral genome mutates very quickly.

2) totipotent stem cells → pluripotent stem cells → multipotent stem cells → neuron

3) Input: A single cell ready to divide
Output: Two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell and each other.

4) Gene expression is different in specialized cells.

5) DNA

6) It increases the number of cells, contributing directly to the size and mass of an organism.

7) a model that illustrates how a cell divides into two identical cells