Question

which were the primary reasons for the rise feudalism in Europe?
the frequent threat of attack by raiders
a lack of adequate transportation
the flow of paper money into the region from exports and agriculture
better systems of communication

Answer 1

The frequent threat of attack by raiders.

Explanation: Repeated invasions (Vikings, Magyars, Saracens) and the collapse of strong central authority made local lords the main source of protection and order. That need for local defense and self-sufficiency led to the decentralised land-for-protection relationships of feudalism. The other options (flow of paper money, better communication) are incorrect; lack of long‑distance trade and weak infrastructure contributed indirectly, but the primary catalyst was the need for local military protection.