Question

How does the graph of the function f(x) = x4 − 3 differ from the graph of its parent function?


Responses

A. The graphs are the same.
A. The graphs are the same.

B. Subtracting 3 translates the graph down 3 units.
B. Subtracting 3 translates the graph down 3 units.

C. The leading coefficient, 1, stretches the graph vertically.
C. The leading coefficient, 1, stretches the graph vertically.

D. Subtracting 3 translates the graph up 3 units.

Answer 1

B. Subtracting 3 translates the graph down 3 units — the parent y = x^4 is shifted so its vertex (0,0) becomes (0,−3) and every y-value is 3 less.