Question

Which of the following provide evidence that natural selection leads to adaptation in populations? (Select all that apply)
Responses

Peppered moths changing coloration during the Industrial Revolution
Peppered moths changing coloration during the Industrial Revolution

Antibiotic resistance developing in bacterial populations
Antibiotic resistance developing in bacterial populations

Seasonal migration patterns in birds
Seasonal migration patterns in birds

Darwin’s finches evolving different beak shapes on the Galápagos Islands

Answer 1

Select:
- Peppered moths changing coloration during the Industrial Revolution
- Antibiotic resistance developing in bacterial populations
- Darwin’s finches evolving different beak shapes on the Galápagos Islands

Why: each of those documents changes in trait frequencies in populations tied to differential survival/reproduction in different environments — classic evidence of natural selection producing adaptation. Seasonal migration is an adaptive behavior, but it’s not a classic, directly documented example of natural selection causing a population-level change in the same way as the others (and it can involve learning and plastic responses as well).