Question

Which of the following activities were permitted in French-controlled Caribbean islands by the 1685 Code noir, and which were banned?
Activity Permitted by the Code noir
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Activity Banned by the Code noir
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1. All colonists could own enslaved laborers.
2. Enslaved individuals could work at skilled trades to earn a bit of income for themselves.
3. Free people of color could own property.
4. A planter could automatically enslave the children of an enslaved woman.
5. Free people of color could marry European colonists.

Answer 1

Activity Permitted by the Code noir
- 1. All colonists could own enslaved laborers.
- 2. Enslaved individuals could work at skilled trades to earn a bit of income for themselves.
- 3. Free people of color could own property.
- 4. A planter could automatically enslave the children of an enslaved woman.

Activity Banned by the Code noir
- 5. Free people of color could marry European colonists.

Brief notes: The Code noir codified slavery (children follow the mother's status), allowed manumission and left space for slaves/urban enslaved artisans to work and accumulate money (often under the master's control), and recognized property rights of free people of color. It also sought to regulate and restrict social mixing, effectively barring formal marriage between white colonists and people of African descent.