Question

driven by different forms of energy. Energy from the Sun drives processes such as weathering, erosion, and sedimentation. Energy from Earth's hot interior drives processes such as melting and crystallization. Rocks can originate from different processes, or be transformed into different types of rocks, depending on the environment. In order to better understand the process, students create a model of the rock cycle. Their model is shown.

The model titled 'The Rock Cycle' shows that a volcanic eruption leads to cooling lava, and cooling lava turns into igneous rock. Igneous rock points to a process labeled '1' near water, heat and pressure under the surface, and a process labeled '3' under the surface. Heat and pressure applied to igneous rock form metamorphic rock. Metamorphic rock undergoes melting, turning into molten rock, which turns into magma. Cooling and uplift turn magma into igneous rock. Igneous rock undergoes process 3 under the surface, turning into magma. Igneous rock undergoes process 1, leading to transport and deposition of sediments into water, which leads to burial, sedimentation, compaction, and cementing further under the water. This process leads to sedimentary rock. Sedimentary rock undergoes process 2, which turns into metamorphic rock. Sedimentary rock and metamorphic rock also undergo process 1.

Resize Columns
Question 10.



What process is missing from the model at number 3?


the process of melting, where heat causes solid rocks to change into liquid


the process of uplift, where cooled rocks are pushed upward to Earth's surface


the process of weathering, where rocks are broken down into smaller pieces


the process of crystallization, where rock composition changes due to heat

Answer 1

the process of melting, where heat causes solid rocks to change into liquid

Melting is correct because the model shows igneous rock below the surface turning into magma; that transformation requires heat to melt solid rock. Uplift, weathering, and crystallization do not produce magma.