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The Distribution of Natural Resources

Humans need resources to survive. These are spread out on Earth. They are not distributed evenly. The water cycle and rock cycle change where resources go.


Distribution of Water

Everyone needs water. Some places have lots of water. Other places have no water.


The blue areas on this map have the best access to water.

The water cycle provides freshwater. Three percent of water in the world is freshwater. Brazil, Canada, China, and the United States have lots of freshwater. Dry regions have very little freshwater.


Distribution of Oil and Coal

Oil is a vital resource. Humans use it to power machines. Coal is a fuel that is used to create electricity.


A map showing the distribution of oil reserves in the world.

Oil is spread out unevenly across the world. Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, Canada, Iran, and Iraq have lots of oil.


Coal is also spread out unevenly. The United States, Russia, and China have lots of coal.


A picture of a coal mine.

Oil and coal formed over millions of years. Plants and animals living in the ocean soaked up energy from the sun. These organisms died and sank to the bottom of the ocean.


The rock cycle covered them with sediment. They were buried in the earth. Heat and pressure turned them into fuel.


Distribution of Soil

Soil is the top layer of the earth. Humans need soil for plant growth, water storage, and air quality.


A table showing the countries with the best soil in the world.

Soil quality is also spread out unevenly. All soil started life as rock material. Sun, water, wind, and living creatures turn this material into soil.


Looking to the Future

The rock and water cycles have placed resources around the world. They are spread out unevenly. People have to work together to share these resources.

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Questions
What material was soil made of before being transformed?


Water material


Rock material


Organic material


Air material
What does the word “evenly” mean in the sentence “they are not distributed evenly”?


The resources are not distributed an even number of times.


The resources are distributed an odd number of times.


Some areas have a lot of resources while others have very few resources.


The resources were distributed by humans in a strange way.
What is the meaning of the word “resources” as used in the text?


Something that is found on Earth and used by humans.


Something that is found on humans and used by the earth.


Something that is created by plants and animals.


Something that is created by the water and rock cycles.
What is the last step to create oil and coal on Earth?


Plants and animals soaked up energy from the sun.


Heat and pressure were applied to dead plants and animals.


Dead plants and animals were buried deep in the earth.


The rock cycle covered dead plants and animals with sediment.
Which of the followings lists contain the items that transform rock deposits into soil?


Minerals, water, air, and organisms


Sun, water, wind, and living creatures


Plant growth, water storage and air regulation


Russia, China and Australia
What percentage of water in the world is freshwater?


2


3


50


97
Please answer all questions

Answer 1

1) Rock material

2) Some areas have a lot of resources while others have very few resources.

3) Something that is found on Earth and used by humans.

4) Heat and pressure were applied to dead plants and animals.

5) Sun, water, wind, and living creatures

6) 3%