Question

All the following are correct, except:

Absorption is when a substance does not allow the light waves to reflect or pass through.

A black object absorbs the light waves that hit it.

Reflection and refraction occurs when light hits a black object.

When a substance absorbs light waves, the energy is usually converted into thermal energy.

Answer 1

The incorrect statement is:

"Reflection and refraction occurs when light hits a black object."

Why it's wrong:
- Refraction is the bending of light as it passes into and through a material. If a black object absorbs the light instead of letting it pass through, there is no transmitted beam to refract, so refraction does not occur.
- Reflection might occur from a black surface (some light can be reflected or scattered), but for a truly black (highly absorbing) object reflection is minimal. So the blanket claim that both reflection and refraction occur is false.

(Statements 1, 2 and 4 are essentially correct: absorption means light energy is taken up rather than transmitted/reflected, black objects absorb most incident light, and absorbed light is usually converted into thermal energy.)