Question

A simplified model of atmospheric convection is shown here. Which of the statements explains how convection occurs to move energy around the Earth? Select ALL that apply.
Responses
A The warmer air rises within the atmosphere.The warmer air rises within the atmosphere.
B Colder air moves northward while warmer air moves southward.Colder air moves northward while warmer air moves southward.
C Warmer air moves to the west while colder air moves to the east.Warmer air moves to the west while colder air moves to the east.
D Colder air in the atmosphere is denser and sinks down to the Earth.Colder air in the atmosphere is denser and sinks down to the Earth.
E The solar energy makes the surface of the Earth warmer than the atmosphere.

Answer 1

Correct choices: A, D, and E.

- A (True): Warm air is less dense and rises, which is the basic driver of atmospheric convection.
- D (True): Cold air is denser and sinks, completing the convective circulation.
- E (True): Solar radiation heats the Earth's surface more strongly than the air directly above it; the warmed surface then heats the air, initiating convection.

B and C are incorrect because convection is driven by temperature/density differences, not fixed north–south or west–east directional movements.