Question

QuestionIn 3–5 sentences, construct a summary of the process of gene expression, starting with DNA and ending with proteins.

Answer 1

Gene expression begins when a segment of DNA is transcribed by RNA polymerase into an RNA copy (pre-mRNA in eukaryotes). In eukaryotes the pre-mRNA is processed—capped, polyadenylated, and spliced to remove introns—then exported to the cytoplasm as mature mRNA. Ribosomes read the mRNA codons and, with the help of tRNAs, assemble the corresponding amino acids into a polypeptide chain. The polypeptide folds and often undergoes post‑translational modifications to become a functional protein.