Question

Ava is learning about electrical circuits in her science class. She builds a simple circuit with a battery, a switch, and a light bulb. How is energy conserved and transformed in this electrical circuit?
Group of answer choices

Kinetic energy is converted into electrical energy and stored as chemical potential energy in the battery

Light energy is transformed into chemical potential energy and stored in the battery

Chemical potential energy in the battery is converted into electrical energy, which is then transformed into light and thermal energy in the bulb

Electrical energy in the battery is converted into chemical potential energy and stored in the light bulb

Answer 1

Chemical potential energy in the battery is converted into electrical energy, which is then transformed into light and thermal energy in the bulb.

Explanation: The battery’s chemical energy drives charge flow (electrical energy) through the circuit. The bulb’s filament (or diode) converts that electrical energy into light and also into heat (thermal energy). Energy is conserved because the battery’s chemical energy decreases by the same amount the bulb (and other parts) gains as light and heat.