Asked by adrian
vocab of Psychological disorders
Culture-bound syndromes
Phobia
Social phobia
Panic attack
Agoraphobia
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Depression
Bipolar disorder
Mania
Dissociation
Depersonalization
Somatization
Schizophrenia
Catatonic stupor
Personality disorders
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Schizoid Personality Disorder
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Borderline Personality Disorder
Histrionic Personality Disorder
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Avoidant Personality Disorder
Dependent Personality Disorder
Obsessive-compulsive Personality Disorder
All Answers 1
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Here is a concise vocabulary list with short definitions and key features for each term you listed.
- Culture-bound syndromes
Persistent patterns of abnormal behavior or experience that are recognized within specific cultural groups but may be rare or absent elsewhere. Examples: ataque de nervios, koro, taijin kyofusho. Cultural context shapes symptoms, meaning, and help-seeking.
- Phobia
A marked, persistent, and excessive fear of a specific object or situation, leading to avoidance or intense distress when exposed.
- Social phobia (Social anxiety disorder)
Intense fear of social or performance situations due to worry about embarrassment or negative evaluation, causing avoidance and functional impairment.
- Panic attack
A discrete period of sudden, intense fear or discomfort with physical symptoms (palpitations, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, dizziness) that peak within minutes. Can occur with many disorders or alone.
- Agoraphobia
Fear or avoidance of situations where escape might be difficult or help unavailable (e.g., crowds, public transport), often developing after repeated panic attacks.
- Obsessive‑compulsive disorder (OCD)
Presence of obsessions (intrusive, unwanted thoughts) and/or compulsions (repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce distress), which are time-consuming or cause significant impairment.
- Post‑traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Persistent symptoms following exposure to a traumatic event: re‑experiencing (flashbacks/nightmares), avoidance of reminders, negative mood/cognition changes, and hyperarousal.
- Depression (Major depressive disorder)
Persistent low mood, loss of interest or pleasure, changes in appetite/sleep, low energy, difficulty concentrating, and recurrent thoughts of death or suicide, causing impairment.
- Bipolar disorder
A mood disorder characterized by episodes of depression alternating with episodes of elevated mood (mania or hypomania).
- Mania
A period of abnormally elevated, expansive, or irritable mood with increased energy, decreased need for sleep, grandiosity, pressured speech, risky or impulsive behavior; may impair functioning or require hospitalization.
- Dissociation
A disruption in normally integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception (ranges from mild spacing out to severe dissociative disorders).
- Depersonalization
A dissociative experience of feeling detached from oneself (e.g., feeling like an outside observer of one’s thoughts, body, or actions).
- Somatization (Somatic symptom-related disorders)
Presentation of distressing physical symptoms that are disproportionate to or not fully explained by medical findings, often accompanied by excessive thoughts, feelings, or behaviors about the symptoms.
- Schizophrenia
A severe psychiatric disorder marked by psychotic symptoms (delusions, hallucinations), disorganized thinking/behavior, and negative symptoms (flattened affect, social withdrawal) that impair functioning.
- Catatonic stupor
A pattern of motor immobility and unresponsiveness seen in catatonia (associated with schizophrenia, mood disorders, medical causes): stillness, mutism, and lack of response to environment.
- Personality disorders (general)
Enduring, inflexible patterns of inner experience and behavior that deviate from cultural expectations, cause distress or impairment, and appear across many situations.
Specific personality disorders:
- Paranoid Personality Disorder
Pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others’ motives, interpreting others as malevolent.
- Schizoid Personality Disorder
Detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression; prefers solitary activities.
- Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Social/interpersonal deficits, acute discomfort in close relationships, eccentric behavior, odd beliefs or perceptual experiences (subthreshold psychotic-like features).
- Antisocial Personality Disorder
Disregard for and violation of others’ rights, deceitfulness, impulsivity, aggression, lack of remorse; must show a history of conduct problems in youth.
- Borderline Personality Disorder
Instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affect; marked impulsivity, fear of abandonment, recurrent self-harm or suicidal behavior.
- Histrionic Personality Disorder
Excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior; superficial, dramatic expression of emotions.
- Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy; sense of entitlement and exploitative relationships.
- Avoidant Personality Disorder
Social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation leading to avoidance of social interaction despite a desire for connection.
- Dependent Personality Disorder
Excessive need to be taken care of, submissive and clinging behavior, difficulty making everyday decisions independently.
- Obsessive‑compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD)
Preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control at the expense of flexibility and efficiency; traits are ego-syntonic (seen as appropriate by the person), distinct from OCD.
Brief clinical note: Many of these conditions are assessed and treated with psychotherapy (e.g., CBT, trauma-focused therapies, dialectical behavior therapy for borderline PD), medications when indicated (antidepressants, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers), and psychosocial supports. For formal diagnosis and treatment, clinical assessment by a mental-health professional is required.
If you want, I can: provide short case examples, list core diagnostic criteria, suggest common treatments for selected disorders, or make flashcards for studying. Which would help you most?
- Culture-bound syndromes
Persistent patterns of abnormal behavior or experience that are recognized within specific cultural groups but may be rare or absent elsewhere. Examples: ataque de nervios, koro, taijin kyofusho. Cultural context shapes symptoms, meaning, and help-seeking.
- Phobia
A marked, persistent, and excessive fear of a specific object or situation, leading to avoidance or intense distress when exposed.
- Social phobia (Social anxiety disorder)
Intense fear of social or performance situations due to worry about embarrassment or negative evaluation, causing avoidance and functional impairment.
- Panic attack
A discrete period of sudden, intense fear or discomfort with physical symptoms (palpitations, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, dizziness) that peak within minutes. Can occur with many disorders or alone.
- Agoraphobia
Fear or avoidance of situations where escape might be difficult or help unavailable (e.g., crowds, public transport), often developing after repeated panic attacks.
- Obsessive‑compulsive disorder (OCD)
Presence of obsessions (intrusive, unwanted thoughts) and/or compulsions (repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce distress), which are time-consuming or cause significant impairment.
- Post‑traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Persistent symptoms following exposure to a traumatic event: re‑experiencing (flashbacks/nightmares), avoidance of reminders, negative mood/cognition changes, and hyperarousal.
- Depression (Major depressive disorder)
Persistent low mood, loss of interest or pleasure, changes in appetite/sleep, low energy, difficulty concentrating, and recurrent thoughts of death or suicide, causing impairment.
- Bipolar disorder
A mood disorder characterized by episodes of depression alternating with episodes of elevated mood (mania or hypomania).
- Mania
A period of abnormally elevated, expansive, or irritable mood with increased energy, decreased need for sleep, grandiosity, pressured speech, risky or impulsive behavior; may impair functioning or require hospitalization.
- Dissociation
A disruption in normally integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception (ranges from mild spacing out to severe dissociative disorders).
- Depersonalization
A dissociative experience of feeling detached from oneself (e.g., feeling like an outside observer of one’s thoughts, body, or actions).
- Somatization (Somatic symptom-related disorders)
Presentation of distressing physical symptoms that are disproportionate to or not fully explained by medical findings, often accompanied by excessive thoughts, feelings, or behaviors about the symptoms.
- Schizophrenia
A severe psychiatric disorder marked by psychotic symptoms (delusions, hallucinations), disorganized thinking/behavior, and negative symptoms (flattened affect, social withdrawal) that impair functioning.
- Catatonic stupor
A pattern of motor immobility and unresponsiveness seen in catatonia (associated with schizophrenia, mood disorders, medical causes): stillness, mutism, and lack of response to environment.
- Personality disorders (general)
Enduring, inflexible patterns of inner experience and behavior that deviate from cultural expectations, cause distress or impairment, and appear across many situations.
Specific personality disorders:
- Paranoid Personality Disorder
Pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others’ motives, interpreting others as malevolent.
- Schizoid Personality Disorder
Detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression; prefers solitary activities.
- Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Social/interpersonal deficits, acute discomfort in close relationships, eccentric behavior, odd beliefs or perceptual experiences (subthreshold psychotic-like features).
- Antisocial Personality Disorder
Disregard for and violation of others’ rights, deceitfulness, impulsivity, aggression, lack of remorse; must show a history of conduct problems in youth.
- Borderline Personality Disorder
Instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affect; marked impulsivity, fear of abandonment, recurrent self-harm or suicidal behavior.
- Histrionic Personality Disorder
Excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior; superficial, dramatic expression of emotions.
- Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy; sense of entitlement and exploitative relationships.
- Avoidant Personality Disorder
Social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation leading to avoidance of social interaction despite a desire for connection.
- Dependent Personality Disorder
Excessive need to be taken care of, submissive and clinging behavior, difficulty making everyday decisions independently.
- Obsessive‑compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD)
Preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control at the expense of flexibility and efficiency; traits are ego-syntonic (seen as appropriate by the person), distinct from OCD.
Brief clinical note: Many of these conditions are assessed and treated with psychotherapy (e.g., CBT, trauma-focused therapies, dialectical behavior therapy for borderline PD), medications when indicated (antidepressants, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers), and psychosocial supports. For formal diagnosis and treatment, clinical assessment by a mental-health professional is required.
If you want, I can: provide short case examples, list core diagnostic criteria, suggest common treatments for selected disorders, or make flashcards for studying. Which would help you most?
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