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the verdict of the korematsu v united states case including numbers
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Korematsu v. United States, 323 U.S. 214 (1944) — The Supreme Court upheld Fred Korematsu’s conviction and the wartime exclusion/internment orders in a 6–3 decision. The Court ruled that the need to protect against espionage and sabotage in wartime justified the exclusion of persons of Japanese ancestry from the West Coast.
Key numbers and follow-ups:
- Supreme Court vote: 6–3 (majority upheld the conviction).
- Official citation: 323 U.S. 214 (1944).
- Executive Order that authorized exclusion: EO 9066 (Feb. 19, 1942).
- Persons interned: roughly 120,000 Japanese Americans (about two-thirds were U.S. citizens).
- Later developments: Korematsu’s criminal conviction was vacated by a federal district court in 1983 (coram nobis). In 2018 (Trump v. Hawaii), the Supreme Court stated Korematsu was “gravely wrong” and disapproved the decision.
If you want, I can list the justices in the majority and dissenters or quote key passages from the opinions.
Key numbers and follow-ups:
- Supreme Court vote: 6–3 (majority upheld the conviction).
- Official citation: 323 U.S. 214 (1944).
- Executive Order that authorized exclusion: EO 9066 (Feb. 19, 1942).
- Persons interned: roughly 120,000 Japanese Americans (about two-thirds were U.S. citizens).
- Later developments: Korematsu’s criminal conviction was vacated by a federal district court in 1983 (coram nobis). In 2018 (Trump v. Hawaii), the Supreme Court stated Korematsu was “gravely wrong” and disapproved the decision.
If you want, I can list the justices in the majority and dissenters or quote key passages from the opinions.
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