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Chapter 5: Review Questions
Instructions: Answer the following 15 questions in one or two complete sentences (you will lose points for ungrammatical answers). At the end of each answer, put the page number where you found the answer.
Section 1: Congress
1. What two interests do members of Congress strive to balance when representing the people?
2. How does Congress use its 'power of the purse' to check the power of the executive branch?
3. How does the impeachment process work, and what role does each chamber of Congress play in it?
Section 2: The Powers of Congress
4. From which specific clause in the Constitution do Congress’s implied powers derive?
5. Why has the commerce clause become "the single most important source of federal government power," according to the textbook?
6. What does the War Powers Resolution require a president to do if he or she sends troops into a possible conflict without a declaration of war?
Section 3: The House of Representatives
7. What is reapportionment, and why must it occur every ten years?
8. What is gerrymandering, and what goal does the party in power seek to achieve through this practice?
9. Who is the most powerful office in the House of Representatives, and why is it so powerful?
Section 4: The Senate
10. Why did the Framers stagger the terms of senators so that only one-third of the seats come up for election every two years?
11. Who serves as the spokesperson and main strategist for the majority party in the Senate?
12. What is a filibuster, and how do senators use this tactic to influence the outcome of legislation?
Section 5: The Legislative Process
13. According to the Constitution, which chamber must introduce any bill for raising revenue and why was it given this power?
14. What is the job of a conference committee regarding major bills?
15. What is a "pocket veto"?
All Answers 1
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Section 1: Congress
1. Members of Congress balance representing their constituents’ local and special interests with promoting the national interest and the common good. (page number needed — I don’t have your HMH chapter to cite.)
2. Congress uses its “power of the purse” by authorizing and appropriating funds, and can check the executive by refusing to fund programs, cutting funding, or attaching spending conditions to limit executive actions. (page number needed)
3. The House has the sole power to impeach (bring formal charges), and the Senate holds the trial and decides whether to convict and remove the official, requiring a two-thirds vote to convict. (page number needed)
Section 2: The Powers of Congress
4. Congress’s implied powers derive from the Necessary and Proper Clause (also called the Elastic Clause) in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution. (page number needed)
5. The commerce clause has become the single most important source of federal power because it gives Congress authority to regulate interstate commerce and the courts have broadly interpreted that power to permit regulation of many economic activities affecting interstate commerce. (page number needed)
6. The War Powers Resolution requires the president to notify Congress within 48 hours of deploying troops and to withdraw forces within 60 days (with a possible 30-day extension) unless Congress declares war or expressly authorizes the use of force. (page number needed)
Section 3: The House of Representatives
7. Reapportionment is the redistribution of the 435 House seats among the states based on the decennial census, and it must occur every ten years to reflect population shifts captured by the census. (page number needed)
8. Gerrymandering is drawing congressional or legislative district lines to benefit the party in power, typically by “packing” opposition voters into a few districts and “cracking” them across many others to maximize the party’s number of safe seats. (page number needed)
9. The Speaker of the House is the most powerful office in the House because the Speaker controls the legislative agenda, committee referrals and assignments, and presides over House proceedings. (page number needed)
Section 4: The Senate
10. The Framers staggered Senate terms so that only one-third of seats are up every two years to ensure continuity, stability, and institutional memory in the Senate and to insulate it somewhat from sudden political shifts. (page number needed)
11. The majority leader serves as the spokesperson and main strategist for the majority party in the Senate. (page number needed)
12. A filibuster is a tactic of extended debate used by senators to delay or block a vote on legislation; senators use it to extract concessions or prevent a bill from reaching passage unless opponents can muster 60 votes for cloture to end debate. (page number needed)
Section 5: The Legislative Process
13. The Constitution requires that all bills for raising revenue originate in the House of Representatives (the Origination Clause) because the House was designed to be most directly responsive to the people. (page number needed)
14. A conference committee reconciles differences between the House and Senate versions of a major bill and produces a single compromise version (a conference report) for both chambers to approve or reject. (page number needed)
15. A pocket veto occurs when the president takes no action on a bill and Congress adjourns within the ten-day signing period, causing the bill to die without a formal veto and preventing Congress from overriding it. (page number needed)
I don’t have access to your HMH Chapter 5 to supply exact page citations. If you upload the chapter or tell me the edition and page range, I will add precise page numbers to each answer.
1. Members of Congress balance representing their constituents’ local and special interests with promoting the national interest and the common good. (page number needed — I don’t have your HMH chapter to cite.)
2. Congress uses its “power of the purse” by authorizing and appropriating funds, and can check the executive by refusing to fund programs, cutting funding, or attaching spending conditions to limit executive actions. (page number needed)
3. The House has the sole power to impeach (bring formal charges), and the Senate holds the trial and decides whether to convict and remove the official, requiring a two-thirds vote to convict. (page number needed)
Section 2: The Powers of Congress
4. Congress’s implied powers derive from the Necessary and Proper Clause (also called the Elastic Clause) in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution. (page number needed)
5. The commerce clause has become the single most important source of federal power because it gives Congress authority to regulate interstate commerce and the courts have broadly interpreted that power to permit regulation of many economic activities affecting interstate commerce. (page number needed)
6. The War Powers Resolution requires the president to notify Congress within 48 hours of deploying troops and to withdraw forces within 60 days (with a possible 30-day extension) unless Congress declares war or expressly authorizes the use of force. (page number needed)
Section 3: The House of Representatives
7. Reapportionment is the redistribution of the 435 House seats among the states based on the decennial census, and it must occur every ten years to reflect population shifts captured by the census. (page number needed)
8. Gerrymandering is drawing congressional or legislative district lines to benefit the party in power, typically by “packing” opposition voters into a few districts and “cracking” them across many others to maximize the party’s number of safe seats. (page number needed)
9. The Speaker of the House is the most powerful office in the House because the Speaker controls the legislative agenda, committee referrals and assignments, and presides over House proceedings. (page number needed)
Section 4: The Senate
10. The Framers staggered Senate terms so that only one-third of seats are up every two years to ensure continuity, stability, and institutional memory in the Senate and to insulate it somewhat from sudden political shifts. (page number needed)
11. The majority leader serves as the spokesperson and main strategist for the majority party in the Senate. (page number needed)
12. A filibuster is a tactic of extended debate used by senators to delay or block a vote on legislation; senators use it to extract concessions or prevent a bill from reaching passage unless opponents can muster 60 votes for cloture to end debate. (page number needed)
Section 5: The Legislative Process
13. The Constitution requires that all bills for raising revenue originate in the House of Representatives (the Origination Clause) because the House was designed to be most directly responsive to the people. (page number needed)
14. A conference committee reconciles differences between the House and Senate versions of a major bill and produces a single compromise version (a conference report) for both chambers to approve or reject. (page number needed)
15. A pocket veto occurs when the president takes no action on a bill and Congress adjourns within the ten-day signing period, causing the bill to die without a formal veto and preventing Congress from overriding it. (page number needed)
I don’t have access to your HMH Chapter 5 to supply exact page citations. If you upload the chapter or tell me the edition and page range, I will add precise page numbers to each answer.
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