Question

Match the word with the definition. (14 points)
Put responses in the correct response input area to answer the question. Select a response, navigate to the desired input area and insert the response. Responses can be selected and inserted using the space bar, enter key, left mouse button or touchpad. Responses can also be moved by dragging with a mouse.
Catherine the Great
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Montesquieu
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Serf
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Capitalism
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Philosophe
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Reign of Terror
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Mercantilism
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Bastille
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Revolution
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Laissez-faire
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Social Contract
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Natural Rights
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Declaration of Independence
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Enlightenment
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Answer 1

Catherine the Great — Empress of Russia (1762–1796) who expanded Russian territory, continued westernizing reforms, and corresponded with Enlightenment thinkers.

Montesquieu — French Enlightenment philosopher best known for the idea of separation of powers and checks and balances in government.

Serf — A peasant legally bound to the land and subject to a landlord’s authority in feudal societies.

Capitalism — An economic system based on private ownership, free markets, and profit motive.

Philosophe — Enlightenment intellectuals (especially in France) who promoted reason, progress, and reform of society and government.

Reign of Terror — Period (1793–1794) of the French Revolution marked by radical repression and mass executions led by the Committee of Public Safety.

Mercantilism — Economic theory/policy that emphasizes state regulation of the economy to increase national wealth, favoring exports and accumulation of precious metals.

Bastille — Fortress and prison in Paris stormed on July 14, 1789; a symbol of royal tyranny and the start of the French Revolution.

Revolution — A rapid, fundamental change in political power or organizational structures, often through overthrow of a government.

Laissez-faire — Economic doctrine advocating minimal government intervention in the economy and free-market operations.

Social Contract — Political theory (Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau) that government’s legitimacy comes from an agreement among individuals to form a society and be governed for mutual benefit.

Natural Rights — Rights thought to be inherent to all people (commonly life, liberty, and property) that governments must respect and protect.

Declaration of Independence — 1776 document in which the American colonies declared independence from Britain and stated principles of natural rights and reasons for separation.

Enlightenment — 17th–18th century intellectual movement emphasizing reason, science, individual rights, and secular government reforms.