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Why would Galileo’s discoveries about the moon and Jupiter have been seen as threatening to the Catholic Church’s teachings?(5 points)
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1) Galileo’s observations showed the Moon had mountains and craters, contradicting the Church‑accepted Aristotelian idea that heavenly bodies were perfect, smooth, and unchanging.
2) His discovery of four moons orbiting Jupiter demonstrated that not everything revolved around the Earth, directly challenging geocentrism.
3) These findings supported Copernicus’s heliocentric model, which undermined the Church‑endorsed Ptolemaic/Aristotelian cosmos that placed Earth at the center.
4) By privileging telescope evidence and experiment over traditional authority and literal readings of Scripture, Galileo appeared to challenge the Church’s interpretive authority.
5) Accepting his conclusions threatened the Church’s theological claims about humanity’s unique, central place in creation and could weaken broader ecclesiastical power and social order.
2) His discovery of four moons orbiting Jupiter demonstrated that not everything revolved around the Earth, directly challenging geocentrism.
3) These findings supported Copernicus’s heliocentric model, which undermined the Church‑endorsed Ptolemaic/Aristotelian cosmos that placed Earth at the center.
4) By privileging telescope evidence and experiment over traditional authority and literal readings of Scripture, Galileo appeared to challenge the Church’s interpretive authority.
5) Accepting his conclusions threatened the Church’s theological claims about humanity’s unique, central place in creation and could weaken broader ecclesiastical power and social order.
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