Question

etermine how the author of "Marvelous Moisture" uses argumentative techniques to present an argument.

Move the author's claim into the first column of the chart.
Then, move the sentence that BEST describes how the author supports this claim with relevant evidence into the second column.

Author's Claim Support for the Author's Claim











Question 12.b
Part B
In "Marvelous Moisture," the author explains that rainfall has supported life and shaped history. Which sentence should be added to address the counterclaim that too much rain causes destruction and to strengthen the author's argument?

Rainfall has no lasting effects on land after a flood occurs.

While heavy rainfall can cause flooding, those same waters often bring nutrients that renew soil and support future harvests.

Flooding destroys farmland completely, leaving no chance for crops to grow again.

Ancient people feared rain because they believed it caused sickness.
Question 13.



In the poem “Rain: A Matter of Perspective,” the author argues that rain has shaped human life throughout history by bringing both hardship and renewal.
Which sentence BEST shows how the author's choice of evidence reveals perspective and also uses background information to strengthen credibility?

The author mentions modern science about brain chemicals that influence mood on rainy days.

The author describes how both ancient Egyptians and American settlers depended on rainfall for survival.

The author shares a personal story about feeling gloomy whenever the weather is cloudy.

The author lists the types of storms that cause flooding in different parts of the world.
Question 14.a



This question has two parts. Answer Part A, and then answer Part B.
Part A
In "Rain: A Matter of Perspective," how is a poetic technique used to develop the poem's message?

The poet repeats images of gray skies to symbolize sadness and show how endless rain destroys happiness.

The poet exaggerates the power of rain to warn readers about the dangers of natural disasters.

The poet uses historical allusion to compare how rain has both supported and challenged people through time.

The poet uses rhyme only to make the poem sound musical, not to connect ideas about rain.
Question 14.b
Part B
Which sentence BEST describes how the author's perspective and the counterclaim about rain's effects on people interact and develop throughout the poem?

The author first argues that rain is unpleasant but later admits it can help crops grow.

The author describes rainfall as unpredictable but never explains why people respond differently to it.

The author first argues that rain is unpleasant but later admits it can help crops grow.

The author presents rain as both destructive and life-giving, then counters the idea that gloomy weather always harms people’s lives.

Answer 1

Author's Claim (first column)
- Rainfall has supported life and shaped human history by providing water for ecosystems, agriculture, and civilizations.

Support for the Author's Claim (second column)
- The author supports this claim with historical and scientific evidence, giving examples of ancient and modern peoples who depended on seasonal rain, explaining how floods deposit nutrients that renew soil, and describing rain’s role in sustaining ecosystems and human survival.

Question 12.b
- Best sentence to add: "While heavy rainfall can cause flooding, those same waters often bring nutrients that renew soil and support future harvests."

Question 13
- Best answer: "The author describes how both ancient Egyptians and American settlers depended on rainfall for survival."

Question 14.a
- Best answer: "The poet uses historical allusion to compare how rain has both supported and challenged people through time."

Question 14.b
- Best answer: "The author presents rain as both destructive and life-giving, then counters the idea that gloomy weather always harms people’s lives."