Question

This question has two parts. Answer Part A, and then answer Part B.
Par A

How does the authors’ inclusion of the bar graph and the data table contribute to their purposes in the articles?

Both text features add emotional appeal by describing how students feel about cafeteria food.

Both text features use quantitative evidence to make each author’s argument about reducing food waste more convincing to readers.

The text features provide background information unrelated to the authors’ main arguments.

The graph and table both distract from the argument by focusing on numbers rather than real-life examples.
Question 6.b
Part B

Peer Revision Task

You are revising a section of a drafted research text about school cafeteria changes and notice some areas where you could improve cohesion. Select the correct word or phrase from each drop-down menu to best connect ideas and clarify relationships.

Lunch schedule changes have been shown to reduce plate waste in schools. Some schools now experiment with trayless lunches to reduce trash. These practices can be useful;
(Select)
they require careful planning and cooperation from staff.

Students are responding positively to these changes;
(Select)
schools are reporting measurable decreases in wasted food.

Question 7.



Read the passage and answer the question.

Excerpt from "Better Lunch Schedules Reduce Plate Waste" (Source #1)
(Paragraphs 1-3)
How
can we make our school less wasteful? One way is to cut down on food waste. In my opinion, the best way to get our students to waste less food is by changing our lunch schedules dramatically.

Most importantly, we should have lunch after recess. When we play before lunch, we burn off calories and feel hungrier. Therefore, we will eat more at lunchtime. The National Food Service Management Institute at the University of Mississippi shows that when lunch followed recess, plate waste was sliced from 40 percent to 27 percent.

In addition, we should have a longer lunch period. Ours is only twenty minutes. This doesn't give us enough time to finish our lunches. According to one school cook in Ohio, the lunch period should be lengthened to thirty minutes. She believes students won't throw away so much food if they have more time to talk with their friends and eat.


Which sentence BEST describes how the author's perspective on reducing food waste develops throughout the passage?

The author opens with factual research data and concludes with an emotional appeal to students’ feelings about lunch.

The author begins uncertain about how to solve food waste and ends by asking readers to suggest solutions.

The author starts by criticizing students for wasting food, then shifts to blaming cafeteria workers.

The author begins by expressing a personal opinion, then strengthens it with logical reasons and credible evidence that support the idea of changing lunch schedules.
Question 8.a



This question has two parts. Answer Part A, and then answer Part B.
Part A

Read the draft paragraph and answer the questions.
Draft Paragraph:
Every day during school lunch, students line up in the cafeteria, grab a tray, and pile it high with food they might not even eat. When lunch ends, the trash cans are filled with half-eaten meals. Across the country, schools throw away thousands of pounds of food every week. Some schools have found a simple way to reduce this waste—by getting rid of lunch trays altogether. Without trays, students take only what they can carry, and much less food ends up in the garbage.

Which introduction would BEST address the topic of cafeteria trays and food waste for a school audience reading an argumentative essay?



Every student knows that school lunches are sometimes boring, but there’s something else about lunch that causes a problem—too many trays full of wasted food.

Cafeteria food doesn’t always taste great, and sometimes students skip lunch altogether.

In our school, teachers are always reminding students to keep the cafeteria clean and quiet.

Many schools have changed their lunch menus, offering more fruits and vegetables to help students eat healthy.
Question 8.b
Part B

Which sentence should be added to provide the BEST conclusion to the paragraph?

The cafeteria should also add new menu items to make students more excited about eating.

Students should remember to recycle their trays when lunch is over each day.

Getting rid of trays may seem like a small change, but it could make a big difference in reducing waste at our school.

Not every student likes the idea of eating without a tray, but that’s just how school lunches are sometimes.
Notes

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Answer 1

Par A (Question 6.a)
- Answer: Both text features use quantitative evidence to make each author’s argument about reducing food waste more convincing to readers.

Par B (Question 6.b — Peer Revision)
- Sentence 1: These practices can be useful; however, they require careful planning and cooperation from staff.
- Sentence 2: Students are responding positively to these changes; as a result, schools are reporting measurable decreases in wasted food.

Question 7
- Answer: The author begins by expressing a personal opinion, then strengthens it with logical reasons and credible evidence that support the idea of changing lunch schedules.

Question 8.a
- Best introduction: Every student knows that school lunches are sometimes boring, but there’s something else about lunch that causes a problem—too many trays full of wasted food.

Question 8.b
- Best concluding sentence: Getting rid of trays may seem like a small change, but it could make a big difference in reducing waste at our school.