Question

Question 1 (11.111111111 points)

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A family learns that their genetic condition affects DNA repair mechanisms, leading to increased mutation rates. The genetic counselor explains that even with nuclear protection, DNA requires active maintenance. What does this suggest about genetic information preservation in cells?
Question 1 options:

The nuclear membrane provides complete protection, eliminating all need for DNA repair systems

Even in the protected nucleus, DNA faces ongoing damage requiring continuous repair mechanisms

DNA repair mechanisms only fix damage from external sources, not internal cellular processes

DNA repair is only necessary during cell division when chromosomes are most vulnerable to damage

Answer 1

Even in the protected nucleus, DNA faces ongoing damage requiring continuous repair mechanisms

Explanation: DNA is constantly subject to replication errors, spontaneous chemical changes (deamination, depurination), and oxidative damage from normal metabolism, so cells need active repair systems (BER, NER, MMR, DSB repair, etc.) all the time.