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10. What keeps electrons near the nucleus of an atom?
A. Gravity
B. Magnetic fields from neutrons
C. Attraction between positive protons and negative electrons
D. The mass of the electron
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C. Attraction between positive protons and negative electrons.
The electromagnetic (Coulomb) force between the positively charged nucleus and negatively charged electrons binds the electrons to the atom. Gravity is negligible at atomic scales, neutrons are electrically neutral (so they don't produce that attraction), and the electron's mass does not by itself hold it near the nucleus — quantum mechanics and the electromagnetic force determine the bound electron states.
The electromagnetic (Coulomb) force between the positively charged nucleus and negatively charged electrons binds the electrons to the atom. Gravity is negligible at atomic scales, neutrons are electrically neutral (so they don't produce that attraction), and the electron's mass does not by itself hold it near the nucleus — quantum mechanics and the electromagnetic force determine the bound electron states.
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