Question

which of these are prokaryotic, eukaryotic, or both?

cytoplasm
golgi bodies
dna
centrosome
lysosome
chloroplast
smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum
plasmid
nucleus
mitochondria
vacuole
cell membrane
ribosomes
capsule
cell wall

Answer 1

cytoplasm — Both
(present in prokaryotes and eukaryotes)

golgi bodies — Eukaryotic only
(membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells)

dna — Both
(genetic material in both; organization differs: circular chromosomes common in prokaryotes, linear chromosomes + histones in eukaryotes)

centrosome — Eukaryotic only (mainly animal cells)
(centrioles/centrosomes occur in many animal cells; plant cells have other microtubule-organizing centers)

lysosome — Eukaryotic only
(membrane-bound digestive organelles found in eukaryotes)

chloroplast — Eukaryotic only
(photosynthetic organelle in plants and algae)

smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum — Eukaryotic only
(membrane-bound ER is a eukaryotic feature)

plasmid — Mostly prokaryotic (but can occur in some eukaryotes)
(common in bacteria; some yeasts and organelles can carry plasmid-like DNA)

nucleus — Eukaryotic only
(membrane-bound nucleus defines eukaryotes)

mitochondria — Eukaryotic only
(organelle for respiration in eukaryotes; of bacterial origin)

vacuole — Eukaryotic mainly
(large membrane-bound vacuoles are eukaryotic; prokaryotes may have non-membrane inclusions or gas vesicles)

cell membrane — Both
(plasma membrane present in all cells)

ribosomes — Both
(present in both; sizes differ: 70S in prokaryotes, 80S in eukaryotes)

capsule — Mostly prokaryotic (but some eukaryotic microbes can have capsules)
(bacterial polysaccharide capsule common; some fungi/yeasts also produce capsules)

cell wall — Both (composition differs)
(bacteria have peptidoglycan; plants have cellulose; fungi have chitin; some eukaryotes lack cell walls)