Question

How do ice and water on the ground affect incoming solar radiation?

They filter 22 percent of solar radiation that reaches the surface.
They reflect 4 percent of solar radiation that reaches the surface.
They absorb 100 percent of solar radiation that reaches the surface.
They scatter 5 percent of solar radiation that reaches the surface.

Answer 1

They reflect about 4% — water surfaces (and thin layers of ice) have a low albedo and reflect only a small fraction of incoming solar radiation (snow/bright ice can reflect much more).