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Define Anschluss , sudetenland , blitzkrieg , phony war, invasian of denmark and norway
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- Anschluss: The annexation (union) of Austria by Nazi Germany in March 1938. German troops entered Austria and the country was incorporated into the Third Reich with little effective international resistance. It violated the post‑World War I settlements and strengthened Hitler’s position in Central Europe.
- Sudetenland: The border areas of Czechoslovakia with a large ethnic German population. In September 1938 the Munich Agreement ceded the Sudetenland to Germany in an act of appeasement by Britain and France. Its loss weakened Czechoslovakia’s defenses and was a key step in Nazi expansion before World War II.
- Blitzkrieg: Literally “lightning war,” a form of fast, combined‑arms warfare developed and used by Germany early in WWII. It emphasized rapid movement by tanks, mechanized infantry, and close air support to break enemy lines and encircle forces, producing quick victories (e.g., Poland 1939, France 1940).
- Phony War: The period of limited military action on the Western Front from the declaration of war by Britain and France on Germany (Sept 1939) until the German attack in spring 1940. Despite mobilization and patrols, there was little large‑scale fighting, so it was dubbed the “Phony War” (Drôle de guerre in French).
- Invasion of Denmark and Norway: Operation Weserübung, launched by Germany on 9 April 1940 to occupy Denmark and Norway. Denmark surrendered quickly; Norway resisted longer with Allied assistance. The operation secured strategic North Sea bases, protected iron‑ore shipments from Sweden, and improved Germany’s naval and air position.
- Sudetenland: The border areas of Czechoslovakia with a large ethnic German population. In September 1938 the Munich Agreement ceded the Sudetenland to Germany in an act of appeasement by Britain and France. Its loss weakened Czechoslovakia’s defenses and was a key step in Nazi expansion before World War II.
- Blitzkrieg: Literally “lightning war,” a form of fast, combined‑arms warfare developed and used by Germany early in WWII. It emphasized rapid movement by tanks, mechanized infantry, and close air support to break enemy lines and encircle forces, producing quick victories (e.g., Poland 1939, France 1940).
- Phony War: The period of limited military action on the Western Front from the declaration of war by Britain and France on Germany (Sept 1939) until the German attack in spring 1940. Despite mobilization and patrols, there was little large‑scale fighting, so it was dubbed the “Phony War” (Drôle de guerre in French).
- Invasion of Denmark and Norway: Operation Weserübung, launched by Germany on 9 April 1940 to occupy Denmark and Norway. Denmark surrendered quickly; Norway resisted longer with Allied assistance. The operation secured strategic North Sea bases, protected iron‑ore shipments from Sweden, and improved Germany’s naval and air position.
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