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Cartography is the science of making maps. Humans have made maps for thousands of years and continue to improve their methods. Throughout history, maps have reflected how people see the world and their place in it.


Modern Mapmaking

As explorers and merchants traveled the world and met new peoples and nations, maps became more complex. They also became more accurate, since more people were using them to navigate at sea.


The twentieth century saw some of the biggest advances in cartography. Thanks to airplanes, mapmakers could photograph locations from above. These aerial photos provided them with more precise images of locations. This method of acquiring information from a long distance away is called remote sensing.


Satellites

In the late twentieth century, satellites helped scientists take pictures of Earth from space. This was a new, global kind of remote sensing. Satellite photographs had a huge effect on the accuracy of modern maps. The location of every place on Earth could now be seen. Satellite imaging led to the development of GPS and digital maps. With these tools, anyone with an internet connection can access maps of almost any location on the planet.


A composite image of Earth, made up of satellite images

Mapmaking technology has made great leaps in the past century. Imagine what possibilities the future might hold!

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Questions
“The twentieth century saw some of the biggest advances in cartography.”

How does this sentence fit into the text structure?


It introduces the major problem of the text.


It indicates a new chronological section of the text.


It provides a solution to an earlier problem.


It makes a direct comparison between two things in the text.
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Answer 1

It indicates a new chronological section of the text.

Explanation: The sentence shifts the focus to the twentieth century and introduces developments from that time (airplanes, aerial photos), so it marks a time-based transition.