Question

What is likely to happen to the ecosystem pictured below after a period of time?
Erupting volcano and magma.
a.
The ecosystem will undergo only primary succession.
b.
The ecosystem will undergo only secondary succession.
c.
The ecosystem will undergo primary succession followed by secondary succession.
d.
The ecosystem will never recover.

Answer 1

a. The ecosystem will undergo only primary succession.

Reason: Lava and ash remove soil and living organisms, leaving bare rock. Primary succession begins on such newly formed rock—pioneer species (lichens, mosses) colonize, break down rock, form soil, and pave the way for later plants and animals.