Question

Question 6
A child is born with cystic fibrosis, an inherited recessive disorder.

No one in the family (on either side) for several generations is known to carry or have the disorder. How can this be explained?

a
The child developed the disorder when he was born; it is a result of a birth defect.
b
The genetic disorder formed from the mother's poor nutrition and prenatal care.
c
The child contracted the illness from another child when he was born.
d
The genetic disorder is recessive, and can be carried by heterozygous individuals without ever being realized or identified.
Question 7
Tyra created a chart that compared DNA and RNA for her science class.



Tyra made a mistake while she was creating her chart. Which best identifies the mistake Tyra made?

a
DNA remains in the nucleus while RNA leaves the nucleus.
b
DNA is single-stranded while RNA is double-stranded.
c
DNA has bases of A, G, C, and U while RNA has bases of A, G, C, and T.
d
DNA contains a ribose sugar while RNA contains a deoxyribose sugar.
Question 8
A DNA strand that has the bases CTA GGT, has a complimentary strand with the bases ________.

a
GAU CCA
b
TCG AAC
c
GAT CCA
d
AGC TTG
Question 9
Genes contain instructions for assembling _____. This is also known as the Central Dogma.



central_dogma_of_life_6349d0b229ed6.jpg

a
purines.
b
proteins.
c
pyrimidines.
d
nucleosomes.
Question 10
Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?

a
ribose + phosphate group + thymine
b
ribose + phosphate group + uracil
c
deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil
d
deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine
Question 11
Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?

a
ribose + phosphate group + thymine
b
ribose + phosphate group + uracil
c
deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine
d
deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil
Question 12
Why is tRNA called "transfer" RNA?
Making Sense of Truck Classification



a
They look like a little truck under the microscope.
b
It carries/transfers the code for one gene from the DNA to the ribosome.
c
It carries/transfers codes for proteins from the cytoplasm to the DNA.
d
It carries/transfers a specific amino acid to the ribosome during protein synthesis.
Question 13
Look at the structure below.





Structure X includes a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. What is this structure called?

a
sugar-phosphate backbone
b
complementary base pair
c
hydrogen bond
d
nucleotide
Question 14
What happens during transcription?

emoji dna GIF by University of California

a
mRNA is doubled as it copies the genes on both sides of the DNA
b
DNA is doubled
c
amino acids are brought to the mRNA to construct a new strand
d
mRNA is formed by copying a gene on one of the DNA strands
Question 15
There are five codons that code for start during translation.

True
False

Answer 1

Q6: d — The disorder is recessive; carriers (heterozygotes) can be unaffected and undetected.
Q7: b — She reversed strandness: DNA is double-stranded and RNA is single-stranded.
Q8: c — Complement of CTA GGT is GAT CCA.
Q9: b — Proteins. (Central dogma: DNA → RNA → protein.)
Q10: d — deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine (DNA uses deoxyribose and C, T, A, G).
Q11: c — deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine.
Q12: d — tRNA transfers a specific amino acid to the ribosome during protein synthesis.
Q13: d — nucleotide.
Q14: d — mRNA is formed by copying a gene on one DNA strand (transcription).
Q15: False — only one standard start codon (AUG); a few exceptions occur, but not five.