Question

Read the excerpt from "I Believe in a British Empire” by Joseph Chamberlain.

But the Empire is not old. The Empire is new—the Empire is in its infancy. Now is the time when we can mold that Empire and when we and those who live with us can decide its future destinies. Just let us consider what that Empire is. I am not going tonight to speak of those hundreds of millions of our Indian and native fellow subjects for whom we have become responsible. I consider for the moment only our relations to that white British population that constitutes the majority in the great self-governing colonies of the Empire.

Read the excerpt from "A Tryst with Destiny” by Jawaharlal Nehru.

To the people of India, whose representatives we are, we make an appeal to join us with faith and confidence in this great adventure. This is no time for petty and destructive criticism, no time for ill will or blaming others. We have to build the noble mansion of free India where all her children may dwell.

How are the audiences of these two arguments different?

Chamberlain is speaking to everyone who lives in a British colony, while Nehru is speaking only to Indian people.
Chamberlain is speaking to white British citizens who live in colonies, while Nehru is speaking to all of India’s people.
Chamberlain is speaking to his political enemies, while Nehru is speaking to his political allies in a friendly environment.
Chamberlain is speaking to members of his nation, while Nehru is speaking to the members of his nation’s assembly.

Answer 1

Chamberlain is speaking to white British citizens who live in colonies, while Nehru is speaking to all of India’s people.

Chamberlain explicitly addresses the “white British population” in self-governing colonies; Nehru addresses “the people of India,” appealing broadly to the nation.