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what is Sudetenland
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The Sudetenland is the borderland region of what is now the Czech Republic (parts of Bohemia, Moravia and Czech Silesia) that was historically inhabited by a large ethnic German population. The name comes from the Sudeten Mountains along the northern border.
Key points:
- After the Austro-Hungarian Empire collapsed in 1918, the new state of Czechoslovakia included large German-speaking communities in these border areas.
- In the 1930s ethnic German political agitation (led by figures such as Konrad Henlein) was used by Nazi Germany as a pretext to demand control of the territory.
- In September 1938 Britain and France, seeking to avoid war, agreed at the Munich Conference to let Nazi Germany annex the Sudetenland (an act widely seen as appeasement). The annexation greatly weakened Czechoslovakia and helped pave the way to World War II.
- After World War II, most ethnic Germans were expelled from the area (under decisions at Potsdam and Czechoslovak policies often called the Beneš decrees) and the territory was reincorporated into Czechoslovakia; today it is part of the Czech Republic.
The term is mainly historical; there is no political entity called the Sudetenland today.
Key points:
- After the Austro-Hungarian Empire collapsed in 1918, the new state of Czechoslovakia included large German-speaking communities in these border areas.
- In the 1930s ethnic German political agitation (led by figures such as Konrad Henlein) was used by Nazi Germany as a pretext to demand control of the territory.
- In September 1938 Britain and France, seeking to avoid war, agreed at the Munich Conference to let Nazi Germany annex the Sudetenland (an act widely seen as appeasement). The annexation greatly weakened Czechoslovakia and helped pave the way to World War II.
- After World War II, most ethnic Germans were expelled from the area (under decisions at Potsdam and Czechoslovak policies often called the Beneš decrees) and the territory was reincorporated into Czechoslovakia; today it is part of the Czech Republic.
The term is mainly historical; there is no political entity called the Sudetenland today.
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