Question

Question 1 (5 points)

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Which type of seismic waves are confined at the surface?
Question 1 options:


A)
P waves


B)
Rayleigh waves and Love waves


C)
Dispersive waves


D)
S waves
Question 2 (5 points)

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What causes potential energy that accumulates in a fault to transfer to the surface during an earthquake?
Question 2 options:


A)
Lithostatic pressure


B)
Triangulation


C)
Seismic waves


D)
Refraction
Question 3 (5 points)

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According to the theory of isostasy, which statement must be true?
Question 3 options:


A)
The asthenosphere is denser than the lithosphere.


B)
The lithosphere is denser than the asthenosphere.


C)
The lithosphere has the same density as the core.


D)
The asthenosphere has the same density as the lithosphere.
Question 4 (5 points)

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A person lives in a new structure that complies with modern building codes with regard to earthquake safety. What is the best place for this person to take cover during an earthquake?
Question 4 options:


A)
Under a table


B)
In a doorway


C)
Near a window


D)
In a basement
Question 5 (5 points)

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Which of the following geological features forms at a subduction zone between an oceanic and a continental plate?
Question 5 options:


A)
The lithosphere


B)
Mid-ocean ridge


C)
Continental shelf


D)
Magnetic anomalies
Question 6 (5 points)

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The theory of plate tectonics suggests that about 200 million years ago, all of Earth's land was confined to a single continent called
Question 6 options:


A)
Eurasia.


B)
Pangaea.


C)
Laurasia.


D)
Gondwanaland.
Question 7 (5 points)

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Most of the volcanic activity that occurs in the Ring of Fire is a result of the
Question 7 options:


A)
formation of mantle plumes away from plate boundaries.


B)
subduction of one plate under another.


C)
movement of two plates away from each other.


D)
sliding of one plate past another.
Question 8 (5 points)

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Which type of seismic waves result from interference between S waves and P waves?
Question 8 options:


A)
Dispersive waves


B)
Rayleigh waves and Love waves


C)
Rayleigh waves


D)
Love waves
Question 9 (5 points)

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Which type of plate boundary does the image show?
Question 9 options:


A)
Transform


B)
Convergent


C)
Fragmentation


D)
Divergent
Question 10 (5 points)

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Which of the following best explains how a tephra deposit forms?
Question 10 options:


A)
As magma is forced upward, it travels horizontally through cracks in the crust, solidifying into either long, horizontal shafts or saucer-shaped formations.


B)
As magma is forced upward, it travels through vertical cracks in the crust, spreading outward and pushing up an overlying layer, creating a dome.


C)
Airborne ash and rocks from a volcanic eruption remain suspended in the air for a long time before eventually settling to the ground in a new location far from the volcano.


D)
Highly fluid lava erupts from an active volcano and flows across great distances, slowly solidifying into a flat surface.

Answer 1

Here are the answers (with brief reasons). For Q9 I don’t have the image — please upload or describe it so I can answer.

1) B — Rayleigh waves and Love waves are surface-confined seismic waves.
2) C — Seismic waves transfer the stored potential energy to the surface during an earthquake.
3) A — Isostasy requires the asthenosphere (mantle) to be denser than the overlying lithosphere so the lithosphere can “float.”
4) A — Under a table (Drop, Cover, and Hold On) is safest in a modern, code-compliant building.
5) C — Continental shelf (a continental margin feature occurs where oceanic plate interacts with a continental plate; subduction zones form continental arcs/trenches along the margin).
6) B — Pangaea.
7) B — Subduction of one plate beneath another produces most Ring of Fire volcanism.
8) C — Rayleigh waves arise from interference between P and vertical S (SV) wave motions.
9) — I can’t see the image; please upload or describe it (arrows, relative motion, features shown).
10) C — Tephra deposits form when airborne ash and rock from an eruption settle out and accumulate.