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Which of the following was stated as part of the Dred Scott v. Sandford ruling?
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Key holdings in the Supreme Court’s Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) decision:
- Persons of African descent, whether enslaved or free, were held not to be U.S. citizens and therefore could not sue in federal court.
- Congress lacked authority to prohibit slavery in federal territories, so the Missouri Compromise was declared unconstitutional.
- Slaves were treated as property protected by the Fifth Amendment, so taking slaves into a territory that did not permit slavery did not automatically make them free.
(These rulings were effectively nullified by the Civil War amendments — the 13th and 14th Amendments.)
- Persons of African descent, whether enslaved or free, were held not to be U.S. citizens and therefore could not sue in federal court.
- Congress lacked authority to prohibit slavery in federal territories, so the Missouri Compromise was declared unconstitutional.
- Slaves were treated as property protected by the Fifth Amendment, so taking slaves into a territory that did not permit slavery did not automatically make them free.
(These rulings were effectively nullified by the Civil War amendments — the 13th and 14th Amendments.)
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