Question

Of all the light energy available to plants, about how much is available to first-level consumers as chemical energy?

48%

15%

4.0%

0.1%

Answer 1

0.1%

Explanation: only a small fraction of incoming light (~1%) is converted by plants into chemical energy, and only about 10% of that plant biomass energy is passed on to primary consumers, giving roughly 0.1% of the original light energy.