Question

Which statement correctly describes the actual yield and the theoretical yield of a reaction?
The actual yield is calculated from the reactant amounts, but the theoretical yield must be measured for each instance of a reaction.
The actual yield is calculated from the amount of the limiting reactant, and the theoretical yield is calculated from the amount of the excess reactant.
The actual yield depends on the reaction conditions, but the theoretical yield varies only with reactant amounts.
The actual yield represents the maximum yield possible, and the theoretical yield assumes perfect reaction conditions.

Answer 1

"The actual yield depends on the reaction conditions, but the theoretical yield varies only with reactant amounts."

Explanation: theoretical yield is the stoichiometric maximum calculated from the limiting reactant (based on the balanced equation); actual (experimental) yield is the amount you actually isolate and depends on reaction efficiency, side reactions, losses, and workup.