Question

What political events contributed to the rise of the Italian city-states?

(1 point)
Responses

the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the rise of the Holy Roman Empire
the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the rise of the Holy Roman Empire

the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the Renaissance
the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the Renaissance

the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the Crusades
the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the Crusades

the Renaissance and the rise of the Holy Roman Empire

Answer 1

the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the Crusades

The Roman collapse led to political fragmentation and local autonomy, and the Crusades boosted trade and wealth for Italian ports (Venice, Genoa, Pisa), helping city-states grow.