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Which cell type undergoes terminal differentiation?
• heart cells
epithelial cells
hair cells
stem cells
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Answer: heart cells (cardiomyocytes).
Reason: terminal differentiation means a cell has reached its final specialized form and permanently exited the cell cycle. Cardiac muscle cells are a classic example — they are highly specialized and have very limited ability to divide or regenerate. (Stem cells are undifferentiated; many epithelial cells are continually renewing; some types of hair cells can be terminally differentiated, but in typical exam contexts the intended example is heart cells.)
Reason: terminal differentiation means a cell has reached its final specialized form and permanently exited the cell cycle. Cardiac muscle cells are a classic example — they are highly specialized and have very limited ability to divide or regenerate. (Stem cells are undifferentiated; many epithelial cells are continually renewing; some types of hair cells can be terminally differentiated, but in typical exam contexts the intended example is heart cells.)
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