Question

Why did Medieval Europe suffer a devastating drop in population during the late-thirteenth and early-fourteenth centuries?

a.Many knights were killed during the Crusades and the Hundred Years’ War.

b.A period of bad weather led to a time of famine, which was almost immediately followed by the Bubonic plague.

c.The Inquisition put many people to death for heresy.


d.As anti-Semitism became prevalent, thousands of Jews were killed or expelled from Europe.

Answers

GPT-5 mini
Answer: b.

Explanation: A period of unusually bad weather (early 14th-century cooling and the Great Famine of 1315–17) caused widespread crop failures and malnutrition, which weakened populations — then the Black Death (bubonic plague, mid-14th century) killed a very large share of Europeans. The other causes listed (Crusader/Hundred Years’ War deaths, the Inquisition, anti‑Jewish violence/expulsions) were real but far too limited to account for the continent‑wide demographic collapse.