Question

An upward shift in the consumption function, other things being equal, could be caused by households:


becoming optimistic about the state of the economy.


becoming pessimistic about the state of the economy.


expecting future income and wealth to decline.


None of these.

Answers

GPT-5 mini
becoming optimistic about the state of the economy.

Explanation: optimism raises expected future income/wealth, increasing autonomous consumption and shifting the consumption function up. Pessimism or expectations of lower future income would shift it down.