Question
1. Sulfur has atomic number 16 and most sulfur atoms have an atomic mass of 32.
How many protons does the average sulfur atom have? ______
How many neutrons does the average sulfur atom have? ______
How many electrons does the average sulfur atom have? ______
2. Two other elements in the same period as Nitrogen (N) are _______, and ________.
3. Two other elements in the same group as Nitrogen (N) are _______, and ________.
4. Oxygen has _______ valence electrons. (Highlight the correct answer in each set of parentheses.)
To have a complete outer shell it will most likely (gain / lose) two electrons.
This will give it a ( +2 / -2 ) charge.
5. What is an isotope?
6. How many valence electrons do the following elements have?
Li: ______ Ca: _____ B: _____ Se: _____
7. If Lithium and oxygen were placed together - predict what most of it would form (circle or highlight one of the choices below):
LiO (Lithium monoxide) Li2O (Lithium Oxide) or Li2O2 (Lithium peroxide)
8. Explain why the choice you picked above is the correct one.
Answers
GPT-4o mini
1. **Sulfur has atomic number 16 and most sulfur atoms have an atomic mass of 32.**
- How many protons does the average sulfur atom have? **16**
- How many neutrons does the average sulfur atom have? **16** (Atomic mass of 32 - Atomic number of 16 = 16 neutrons)
- How many electrons does the average sulfur atom have? **16** (In a neutral atom, the number of electrons equals the number of protons)
2. Two other elements in the same period as Nitrogen (N) are **Oxygen (O)** and **Fluorine (F)**.
3. Two other elements in the same group as Nitrogen (N) are **Phosphorus (P)** and **Arsenic (As)**.
4. Oxygen has **6** valence electrons.
To have a complete outer shell it will most likely (gain / lose) two electrons.
This will give it a ( +2 / -2 ) charge. **gain** (two electrons), **-2**.
5. **What is an isotope?**
An isotope is a variant of a chemical element that has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons, resulting in a different atomic mass.
6. How many valence electrons do the following elements have?
- Li: **1**
- Ca: **2**
- B: **3**
- Se: **6**
7. If Lithium and oxygen were placed together - predict what most of it would form: **Li2O (Lithium Oxide)**
8. **Explain why the choice you picked above is the correct one.**
The choice of Li2O (Lithium Oxide) is correct because lithium has one valence electron and oxygen has six valence electrons. To achieve a stable electron configuration, two lithium atoms would donate a total of two electrons (one from each Li atom) to one oxygen atom, allowing oxygen to achieve its stable octet configuration. This results in the formula Li2O, indicating two lithium ions (Li⁺) and one oxide ion (O²⁻) to balance the charge.
- How many protons does the average sulfur atom have? **16**
- How many neutrons does the average sulfur atom have? **16** (Atomic mass of 32 - Atomic number of 16 = 16 neutrons)
- How many electrons does the average sulfur atom have? **16** (In a neutral atom, the number of electrons equals the number of protons)
2. Two other elements in the same period as Nitrogen (N) are **Oxygen (O)** and **Fluorine (F)**.
3. Two other elements in the same group as Nitrogen (N) are **Phosphorus (P)** and **Arsenic (As)**.
4. Oxygen has **6** valence electrons.
To have a complete outer shell it will most likely (gain / lose) two electrons.
This will give it a ( +2 / -2 ) charge. **gain** (two electrons), **-2**.
5. **What is an isotope?**
An isotope is a variant of a chemical element that has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons, resulting in a different atomic mass.
6. How many valence electrons do the following elements have?
- Li: **1**
- Ca: **2**
- B: **3**
- Se: **6**
7. If Lithium and oxygen were placed together - predict what most of it would form: **Li2O (Lithium Oxide)**
8. **Explain why the choice you picked above is the correct one.**
The choice of Li2O (Lithium Oxide) is correct because lithium has one valence electron and oxygen has six valence electrons. To achieve a stable electron configuration, two lithium atoms would donate a total of two electrons (one from each Li atom) to one oxygen atom, allowing oxygen to achieve its stable octet configuration. This results in the formula Li2O, indicating two lithium ions (Li⁺) and one oxide ion (O²⁻) to balance the charge.