Question
Criminal Justice Ethics Theories Review
Total: 50 Items
Section A – Matching (10 items)
Match the ethical theory with the correct description.
1. ___ Deontology
2. ___ Utilitarianism
3. ___ Care Ethics
4. ___ Egoism
5. ___ Social Contract Theory
6. ___ Virtue Ethics
7. ___ Cultism (note: Kantian Ethics)
8. ___ Ethical Relativism
9. ___ Natural Law Theory
10. ___ Ethical Egoism
Answer Bank
A. Focuses on duty and rules regardless of consequences
B. Greatest good for the greatest number
C. Emphasizes compassion and relationships
D. Acting in one’s own self-interest
E. Agreement among people to form societies with rules
F. Focuses on building moral character and habits
G. Morality is based on universal principles (Kantian view)
H. Morality depends on cultural context
I. Moral principles are found in nature and reason
J. Self-interest leads to overall good
Section B – Fill-in-the-Blank (15 items)
Complete each sentence using the word bank provided.
Word Bank: autonomy, consequences, fairness, duty, compassion, character, contract,
virtue, care, greatest number, rules, ego, natural law, society, relationships
11. According to Kant, moral worth comes from acting out of a sense of _______.
12. Utilitarianism emphasizes outcomes or _______.
13. Virtue ethics focuses on developing good moral _______.
14. Social contract theory relies on an agreement to form a _______.
15. In care ethics, moral decisions are rooted in _______ for others.
16. Egoism suggests people act mainly out of self-interest or _______.
17. Natural law theory holds that _______ guides moral behavior.
18. The phrase “the greatest good for the _______” belongs to utilitarianism.
19. Deontology emphasizes following _______ no matter the result.
20. Virtue ethics seeks to develop _______ traits over time.
21. In social contract theory, people give up some _______ for protection.
22. Care ethics highlights moral importance of _______ with others.
23. In egoism, promoting self-interest can sometimes help _______ as a whole.
24. Deontology emphasizes a sense of moral _______ to act correctly.
25. According to utilitarianism, morality depends on balancing _______.
Section C – True/False (15 items)
26. Deontology means “duty-based ethics.” (T/F)
27. Utilitarianism always ignores consequences. (T/F)
28. Care ethics emphasizes universal laws rather than relationships. (T/F)
29. Egoism focuses on personal gain as the guiding moral standard. (T/F)
30. Social contract theory believes rules come from divine authority only. (T/F)
31. Virtue ethics emphasizes developing habits of excellence. (T/F)
32. Kantian ethics says you should treat people as ends, not means. (T/F)
33. Ethical relativism means morality is the same across all societies. (T/F)
34. Natural law suggests moral rules are discoverable by reason. (T/F)
35. Utilitarianism is a form of consequence-based reasoning. (T/F)
36. Care ethics arose as a critique of overly abstract moral theories. (T/F)
37. Egoism and utilitarianism both prioritize community over self. (T/F)
38. Virtue ethics originated with Aristotle. (T/F)
39. Social contract theory is linked to philosophers like Hobbes and Locke. (T/F)
40. Deontology is flexible and changes based on situation outcomes. (T/F)
Section D – Word Bank Short Match (10 items)
Choose the best theory for each statement.
Word Bank: Deontology, Utilitarianism, Virtue Ethics, Care Ethics, Egoism, Social
Contract Theory, Kantian Ethics, Natural Law, Relativism, Ethical Egoism
41. Believes some actions are always wrong regardless of outcome.
42. Would support sacrificing one to save many.
43. Stresses empathy and nurturing in moral decisions.
44. Judges people by who they are, not what they do.
45. Believes right and wrong change across cultures.
46. Suggests humans are rational beings who can discover universal morals.
47. Holds people must keep promises because of their agreement to live together.
48. Prioritizes personal happiness above others.
49. Insists moral rules must apply equally to all people.
50. Claims selfish actions may promote social good indirectly.33. Ethical relativism means morality is the same across all societies. (T/F)
34. Natural law suggests moral rules are discoverable by reason. (T/F)
35. Utilitarianism is a form of consequence-based reasoning. (T/F)
36. Care ethics arose as a critique of overly abstract moral theories. (T/F)
37. Egoism and utilitarianism both prioritize community over self. (T/F)
38. Virtue ethics originated with Aristotle. (T/F)
39. Social contract theory is linked to philosophers like Hobbes and Locke. (T/F)
40. Deontology is flexible and changes based on situation outcomes. (T/F)
Section D – Word Bank Short Match (10 items)
Choose the best theory for each statement.
Word Bank: Deontology, Utilitarianism, Virtue Ethics, Care Ethics, Egoism, Social
Contract Theory, Kantian Ethics, Natural Law, Relativism, Ethical Egoism
41. Believes some actions are always wrong regardless of outcome.
42. Would support sacrificing one to save many.
43. Stresses empathy and nurturing in moral decisions.
44. Judges people by who they are, not what they do.
45. Believes right and wrong change across cultures.
46. Suggests humans are rational beings who can discover universal morals.
47. Holds people must keep promises because of their agreement to live together.
48. Prioritizes personal happiness above others.
49. Insists moral rules must apply equally to all people.
Total: 50 Items
Section A – Matching (10 items)
Match the ethical theory with the correct description.
1. ___ Deontology
2. ___ Utilitarianism
3. ___ Care Ethics
4. ___ Egoism
5. ___ Social Contract Theory
6. ___ Virtue Ethics
7. ___ Cultism (note: Kantian Ethics)
8. ___ Ethical Relativism
9. ___ Natural Law Theory
10. ___ Ethical Egoism
Answer Bank
A. Focuses on duty and rules regardless of consequences
B. Greatest good for the greatest number
C. Emphasizes compassion and relationships
D. Acting in one’s own self-interest
E. Agreement among people to form societies with rules
F. Focuses on building moral character and habits
G. Morality is based on universal principles (Kantian view)
H. Morality depends on cultural context
I. Moral principles are found in nature and reason
J. Self-interest leads to overall good
Section B – Fill-in-the-Blank (15 items)
Complete each sentence using the word bank provided.
Word Bank: autonomy, consequences, fairness, duty, compassion, character, contract,
virtue, care, greatest number, rules, ego, natural law, society, relationships
11. According to Kant, moral worth comes from acting out of a sense of _______.
12. Utilitarianism emphasizes outcomes or _______.
13. Virtue ethics focuses on developing good moral _______.
14. Social contract theory relies on an agreement to form a _______.
15. In care ethics, moral decisions are rooted in _______ for others.
16. Egoism suggests people act mainly out of self-interest or _______.
17. Natural law theory holds that _______ guides moral behavior.
18. The phrase “the greatest good for the _______” belongs to utilitarianism.
19. Deontology emphasizes following _______ no matter the result.
20. Virtue ethics seeks to develop _______ traits over time.
21. In social contract theory, people give up some _______ for protection.
22. Care ethics highlights moral importance of _______ with others.
23. In egoism, promoting self-interest can sometimes help _______ as a whole.
24. Deontology emphasizes a sense of moral _______ to act correctly.
25. According to utilitarianism, morality depends on balancing _______.
Section C – True/False (15 items)
26. Deontology means “duty-based ethics.” (T/F)
27. Utilitarianism always ignores consequences. (T/F)
28. Care ethics emphasizes universal laws rather than relationships. (T/F)
29. Egoism focuses on personal gain as the guiding moral standard. (T/F)
30. Social contract theory believes rules come from divine authority only. (T/F)
31. Virtue ethics emphasizes developing habits of excellence. (T/F)
32. Kantian ethics says you should treat people as ends, not means. (T/F)
33. Ethical relativism means morality is the same across all societies. (T/F)
34. Natural law suggests moral rules are discoverable by reason. (T/F)
35. Utilitarianism is a form of consequence-based reasoning. (T/F)
36. Care ethics arose as a critique of overly abstract moral theories. (T/F)
37. Egoism and utilitarianism both prioritize community over self. (T/F)
38. Virtue ethics originated with Aristotle. (T/F)
39. Social contract theory is linked to philosophers like Hobbes and Locke. (T/F)
40. Deontology is flexible and changes based on situation outcomes. (T/F)
Section D – Word Bank Short Match (10 items)
Choose the best theory for each statement.
Word Bank: Deontology, Utilitarianism, Virtue Ethics, Care Ethics, Egoism, Social
Contract Theory, Kantian Ethics, Natural Law, Relativism, Ethical Egoism
41. Believes some actions are always wrong regardless of outcome.
42. Would support sacrificing one to save many.
43. Stresses empathy and nurturing in moral decisions.
44. Judges people by who they are, not what they do.
45. Believes right and wrong change across cultures.
46. Suggests humans are rational beings who can discover universal morals.
47. Holds people must keep promises because of their agreement to live together.
48. Prioritizes personal happiness above others.
49. Insists moral rules must apply equally to all people.
50. Claims selfish actions may promote social good indirectly.33. Ethical relativism means morality is the same across all societies. (T/F)
34. Natural law suggests moral rules are discoverable by reason. (T/F)
35. Utilitarianism is a form of consequence-based reasoning. (T/F)
36. Care ethics arose as a critique of overly abstract moral theories. (T/F)
37. Egoism and utilitarianism both prioritize community over self. (T/F)
38. Virtue ethics originated with Aristotle. (T/F)
39. Social contract theory is linked to philosophers like Hobbes and Locke. (T/F)
40. Deontology is flexible and changes based on situation outcomes. (T/F)
Section D – Word Bank Short Match (10 items)
Choose the best theory for each statement.
Word Bank: Deontology, Utilitarianism, Virtue Ethics, Care Ethics, Egoism, Social
Contract Theory, Kantian Ethics, Natural Law, Relativism, Ethical Egoism
41. Believes some actions are always wrong regardless of outcome.
42. Would support sacrificing one to save many.
43. Stresses empathy and nurturing in moral decisions.
44. Judges people by who they are, not what they do.
45. Believes right and wrong change across cultures.
46. Suggests humans are rational beings who can discover universal morals.
47. Holds people must keep promises because of their agreement to live together.
48. Prioritizes personal happiness above others.
49. Insists moral rules must apply equally to all people.
Answers
GPT-4o mini
Sure! Below are the answers organized by section as requested.
### Section A – Matching (10 items)
1. ___ Deontology (A. Focuses on duty and rules regardless of consequences)
2. ___ Utilitarianism (B. Greatest good for the greatest number)
3. ___ Care Ethics (C. Emphasizes compassion and relationships)
4. ___ Egoism (D. Acting in one’s own self-interest)
5. ___ Social Contract Theory (E. Agreement among people to form societies with rules)
6. ___ Virtue Ethics (F. Focuses on building moral character and habits)
7. ___ Cultism (Kantian Ethics) (G. Morality is based on universal principles (Kantian view))
8. ___ Ethical Relativism (H. Morality depends on cultural context)
9. ___ Natural Law Theory (I. Moral principles are found in nature and reason)
10. ___ Ethical Egoism (J. Self-interest leads to overall good)
### Section B – Fill-in-the-Blank (15 items)
11. According to Kant, moral worth comes from acting out of a sense of **duty**.
12. Utilitarianism emphasizes outcomes or **consequences**.
13. Virtue ethics focuses on developing good moral **character**.
14. Social contract theory relies on an agreement to form a **society**.
15. In care ethics, moral decisions are rooted in **compassion** for others.
16. Egoism suggests people act mainly out of self-interest or **ego**.
17. Natural law theory holds that **natural law** guides moral behavior.
18. The phrase “the greatest good for the **greatest number**” belongs to utilitarianism.
19. Deontology emphasizes following **rules** no matter the result.
20. Virtue ethics seeks to develop **virtue** traits over time.
21. In social contract theory, people give up some **autonomy** for protection.
22. Care ethics highlights moral importance of **relationships** with others.
23. In egoism, promoting self-interest can sometimes help **society** as a whole.
24. Deontology emphasizes a sense of moral **duty** to act correctly.
25. According to utilitarianism, morality depends on balancing **fairness**.
### Section C – True/False (15 items)
26. Deontology means “duty-based ethics.” **(T)**
27. Utilitarianism always ignores consequences. **(F)**
28. Care ethics emphasizes universal laws rather than relationships. **(F)**
29. Egoism focuses on personal gain as the guiding moral standard. **(T)**
30. Social contract theory believes rules come from divine authority only. **(F)**
31. Virtue ethics emphasizes developing habits of excellence. **(T)**
32. Kantian ethics says you should treat people as ends, not means. **(T)**
33. Ethical relativism means morality is the same across all societies. **(F)**
34. Natural law suggests moral rules are discoverable by reason. **(T)**
35. Utilitarianism is a form of consequence-based reasoning. **(T)**
36. Care ethics arose as a critique of overly abstract moral theories. **(T)**
37. Egoism and utilitarianism both prioritize community over self. **(F)**
38. Virtue ethics originated with Aristotle. **(T)**
39. Social contract theory is linked to philosophers like Hobbes and Locke. **(T)**
40. Deontology is flexible and changes based on situation outcomes. **(F)**
### Section D – Word Bank Short Match (10 items)
41. Believes some actions are always wrong regardless of outcome. **(Deontology)**
42. Would support sacrificing one to save many. **(Utilitarianism)**
43. Stresses empathy and nurturing in moral decisions. **(Care Ethics)**
44. Judges people by who they are, not what they do. **(Virtue Ethics)**
45. Believes right and wrong change across cultures. **(Relativism)**
46. Suggests humans are rational beings who can discover universal morals. **(Natural Law)**
47. Holds people must keep promises because of their agreement to live together. **(Social Contract Theory)**
48. Prioritizes personal happiness above others. **(Egoism)**
49. Insists moral rules must apply equally to all people. **(Kantian Ethics)**
50. Claims selfish actions may promote social good indirectly. **(Ethical Egoism)**
Feel free to reach out if you need further assistance!
### Section A – Matching (10 items)
1. ___ Deontology (A. Focuses on duty and rules regardless of consequences)
2. ___ Utilitarianism (B. Greatest good for the greatest number)
3. ___ Care Ethics (C. Emphasizes compassion and relationships)
4. ___ Egoism (D. Acting in one’s own self-interest)
5. ___ Social Contract Theory (E. Agreement among people to form societies with rules)
6. ___ Virtue Ethics (F. Focuses on building moral character and habits)
7. ___ Cultism (Kantian Ethics) (G. Morality is based on universal principles (Kantian view))
8. ___ Ethical Relativism (H. Morality depends on cultural context)
9. ___ Natural Law Theory (I. Moral principles are found in nature and reason)
10. ___ Ethical Egoism (J. Self-interest leads to overall good)
### Section B – Fill-in-the-Blank (15 items)
11. According to Kant, moral worth comes from acting out of a sense of **duty**.
12. Utilitarianism emphasizes outcomes or **consequences**.
13. Virtue ethics focuses on developing good moral **character**.
14. Social contract theory relies on an agreement to form a **society**.
15. In care ethics, moral decisions are rooted in **compassion** for others.
16. Egoism suggests people act mainly out of self-interest or **ego**.
17. Natural law theory holds that **natural law** guides moral behavior.
18. The phrase “the greatest good for the **greatest number**” belongs to utilitarianism.
19. Deontology emphasizes following **rules** no matter the result.
20. Virtue ethics seeks to develop **virtue** traits over time.
21. In social contract theory, people give up some **autonomy** for protection.
22. Care ethics highlights moral importance of **relationships** with others.
23. In egoism, promoting self-interest can sometimes help **society** as a whole.
24. Deontology emphasizes a sense of moral **duty** to act correctly.
25. According to utilitarianism, morality depends on balancing **fairness**.
### Section C – True/False (15 items)
26. Deontology means “duty-based ethics.” **(T)**
27. Utilitarianism always ignores consequences. **(F)**
28. Care ethics emphasizes universal laws rather than relationships. **(F)**
29. Egoism focuses on personal gain as the guiding moral standard. **(T)**
30. Social contract theory believes rules come from divine authority only. **(F)**
31. Virtue ethics emphasizes developing habits of excellence. **(T)**
32. Kantian ethics says you should treat people as ends, not means. **(T)**
33. Ethical relativism means morality is the same across all societies. **(F)**
34. Natural law suggests moral rules are discoverable by reason. **(T)**
35. Utilitarianism is a form of consequence-based reasoning. **(T)**
36. Care ethics arose as a critique of overly abstract moral theories. **(T)**
37. Egoism and utilitarianism both prioritize community over self. **(F)**
38. Virtue ethics originated with Aristotle. **(T)**
39. Social contract theory is linked to philosophers like Hobbes and Locke. **(T)**
40. Deontology is flexible and changes based on situation outcomes. **(F)**
### Section D – Word Bank Short Match (10 items)
41. Believes some actions are always wrong regardless of outcome. **(Deontology)**
42. Would support sacrificing one to save many. **(Utilitarianism)**
43. Stresses empathy and nurturing in moral decisions. **(Care Ethics)**
44. Judges people by who they are, not what they do. **(Virtue Ethics)**
45. Believes right and wrong change across cultures. **(Relativism)**
46. Suggests humans are rational beings who can discover universal morals. **(Natural Law)**
47. Holds people must keep promises because of their agreement to live together. **(Social Contract Theory)**
48. Prioritizes personal happiness above others. **(Egoism)**
49. Insists moral rules must apply equally to all people. **(Kantian Ethics)**
50. Claims selfish actions may promote social good indirectly. **(Ethical Egoism)**
Feel free to reach out if you need further assistance!