Before the Age of Exploration, African culture was characterized by a rich and diverse array of traditions, languages, social structures, and economic activities. It was a society with a wide variety of occupations, including farming, trading, craftsmanship, and various forms of art and music. Many regions of Africa had established powerful kingdoms and empires, such as the Mali Empire, the Kingdom of Axum, and Great Zimbabwe, which were known for their wealth, governance, educational institutions, and trade networks.
Additionally, African societies engaged in spiritual practices that were integral to their cultures, including various forms of traditional religion and belief systems. While many communities had oral traditions for transmitting knowledge and culture, some had also established early versions of libraries or centers of learning, especially in regions influenced by trade and scholarship.
Thus, the most accurate description of pre-exploration African culture from the options provided is:
a society with a rich culture and a wide variety of occupations.