To solve the equation
\[ 4(3y - 1) - 3(2y) = 12, \]
we first distribute the terms:
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Distributing \( 4 \) in \( 4(3y - 1) \): \[ 4 \cdot 3y - 4 \cdot 1 = 12y - 4. \]
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Distributing \( -3 \) in \( -3(2y) \): \[ -3 \cdot 2y = -6y. \]
Now, substituting back into the equation, we have:
\[ 12y - 4 - 6y = 12. \]
Next, we combine like terms:
\[ (12y - 6y) - 4 = 12 \implies 6y - 4 = 12. \]
Now, we isolate \( y \) by adding \( 4 \) to both sides:
\[ 6y - 4 + 4 = 12 + 4 \implies 6y = 16. \]
Finally, divide both sides by \( 6 \):
\[ y = \frac{16}{6} = \frac{8}{3}. \]
Thus, the solution is:
\[ y = \frac{8}{3}. \]