Vera and Fenyang were asked to find an explicit formula for the sequence 26, 10, -6, -22,. .., where the first term should be g(1).

Vera said the formula is g(n) = 26 - 16(n - 1).
Fenyang said the formula is g(n) = 42 — 16n.
Which one of them is right?

1 answer

To determine which formula is correct, we first need to analyze the given sequence: 26, 10, -6, -22.

  1. Identify the pattern:
    • The first term \( g(1) \) is 26.
    • The second term \( g(2) \) is 10.
    • The third term \( g(3) \) is -6.
    • The fourth term \( g(4) \) is -22.

We can calculate the differences between consecutive terms:

  • \( 10 - 26 = -16 \)
  • \( -6 - 10 = -16 \)
  • \( -22 - (-6) = -16 \)

The common difference is -16, indicating that the sequence is arithmetic.

  1. General formula for an arithmetic sequence: The general formula for an arithmetic sequence can be given by: \[ g(n) = g(1) + (n - 1)d \] where \( g(1) \) is the first term and \( d \) is the common difference.

In our case:

  • \( g(1) = 26 \)
  • \( d = -16 \)

So, substituting these values into the formula, we have: \[ g(n) = 26 + (n - 1)(-16) \]

  1. Simplifying the formula: \[ g(n) = 26 - 16(n - 1) \] This matches Vera's formula, \( g(n) = 26 - 16(n - 1) \).

  2. Verifying Fenyang's formula: Now let's check Fenyang's formula: \( g(n) = 42 - 16n \). To find \( g(1) \): \[ g(1) = 42 - 16(1) = 42 - 16 = 26 \] This part works, but we need to see if it generates the correct values for subsequent terms:

  • For \( n = 2 \): \[ g(2) = 42 - 16(2) = 42 - 32 = 10 \]
  • For \( n = 3 \): \[ g(3) = 42 - 16(3) = 42 - 48 = -6 \]
  • For \( n = 4 \): \[ g(4) = 42 - 16(4) = 42 - 64 = -22 \]

Both formulas give the same terms, but Vera's formula is the explicit form based on the definition of arithmetic sequences. It highlights the common difference clearly.

  1. Conclusion: Both formulas yield the correct terms for the sequence, but Vera's is the more standard representation of the arithmetic sequence.

Thus, Vera's formula is correct.