Water boils at different temperatures at different elevations. The boiling temperature of water is 212°F at sea level (0 feet) but drops about 1.72°F for every 1,000 feet of elevation. Write a formula for the boiling point at a given elevation. Then solve the formula for the elevation when the boiling point for water is 190°F. Determine a formula for the boiling point b, in degrees Fahrenheit, at elevation h, in feet.

1 answer

To derive a formula for the boiling point of water \( b \) in degrees Fahrenheit at an elevation \( h \) in feet, we note the following information:

  1. At sea level (0 feet), the boiling point is \( 212°F \).
  2. The boiling point decreases by \( 1.72°F \) for every \( 1,000 \) feet of elevation.

Using this information, we can formulate the relationship:

  • For every \( 1,000 \) feet of elevation, the boiling point decreases by \( 1.72°F \). Therefore, for every foot of elevation, the decrease is: \[ \frac{1.72°F}{1000 \text{ feet}} = 0.00172°F \text{ per foot} \]

From this, we can write the formula for boiling point \( b \) in terms of elevation \( h \): \[ b = 212°F - 0.00172 \cdot h \]

Next, we need to solve the formula for the elevation \( h \) when the boiling point for water is \( 190°F \):

  1. Set \( b = 190°F \): \[ 190 = 212 - 0.00172 \cdot h \]
  2. Rearranging the equation to solve for \( h \): \[ 0.00172 \cdot h = 212 - 190 \] \[ 0.00172 \cdot h = 22 \]
  3. Now, divide both sides by \( 0.00172 \) to find \( h \): \[ h = \frac{22}{0.00172} \]
  4. Calculating this gives: \[ h \approx 12790.70 \text{ feet} \]

Thus, the formula for the boiling point \( b \) in degrees Fahrenheit at elevation \( h \) in feet is: \[ b = 212 - 0.00172h \] And the elevation \( h \) when the boiling point is \( 190°F \) is approximately \( 12,791 \) feet.