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Georgia’s Location
Geography Terms: Define each of the key terms below:
| Key Term | Definition | |--------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Absolute Location | The exact spot on the earth’s surface where a location is found | | Relative Location | Location of one place in relation to another | | Prime Meridian | Meridian (0° longitude) that runs through Greenwich, England, from which all other longitudes is measured. | | Equator | Imaginary line that circles the earth at its widest part |
Answer the questions below about Georgia’s relative location:
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Which hemispheres (2) is Georgia located in? i. Northern Hemisphere
ii. Western Hemisphere -
Which continent is Georgia located on?
North America -
Which region of the United States is Georgia located in?
Southeastern -
Which states border Georgia?
Florida, Alabama, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee
Georgia’s Regions
| Region | Description | |--------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Blue Ridge | - Located north of the Valley and Ridge region and east of the Piedmont region <br>- Home to Brasstown Bald, the highest peak in the state <br>- Receives the state's highest percentage of rainfall <br>- Tourism is the leading industry | | Appalachian Plateau | - Located in the northwestern corner of Georgia <br>- Near the borders of Tennessee and Alabama <br>- Bordered by the valley and ridge to the east and the Coastal Plain to the south <br>- The smallest region in Georgia <br>- Coal was extracted by digging into the hillside <br>- Farms were primarily for subsistence use <br>- Soil is unfavorable for large agricultural fields. It is too sandy and acidic. | | Ridge and Valley | - Located north of the Piedmont <br>- Situated between the Blue Ridge and Appalachian Plateau region <br>- Valley soil: Very ferile, thick, and good for crops <br>- Ridge soil: Thinner, more rocky, good for forested regions <br>- Climate is very moderate and very humid <br>- Historically important for iron mining <br>- Dalton is a major center for carpet mills | | Piedmont | - Rolling hills & shallow valleys <br>- Many rivers and streams <br>- Oak hickory forests <br>- Winters are typically mild <br>- Snow is rare, usually 1-2 inches <br>- Rainfall is influenced by mountains, which creates more precipitation due to orographic surfaces. <br>- Summers average around 80 degrees <br>- The Piedmont region is home to: <br>- The capital of the state <br>- Half of Georgia's population <br>- Major cities like: Athens, Atlanta, Augusta, Macon, and Columbus | | Coastal Plain | - Located in the southern half of Georgia <br>- Covers approximately 60% of the state's total area <br>- Extends from the Fall Line (through Macon and Columbus) down to the Florida border <br>- Climate is fairly warm throughout most of the year <br>- Minimal hard freezes <br>- Heartland of Georgia's agriculture <br> - Peanuts, Cotton, Peaches, Vidalia Onions |
Using the map identify which region of Georgia each number refers to. 1- Blue Ridge 2- Ridge and Valley 3- Piedmont 4- Coastal Plain 5- Appalachian Plateau
Describe Georgia’s Climate
Georgia’s mild temperatures have helped the state to grow and develop. The mild summers in the north Georgia mountains have attracted many new residents to this area. For the rest of the state, mild winters have contributed to a continuing population migration into Georgia.
Why do you think Georgia’s climate might be attractive to the military and other industries?
Mild winters have also helped attract the military. A mild climate means that outdoor training, flights, and other military operations can go on year-round.
Physical Features of Georgia
| Physical Feature | Description | |----------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Savannah River | - Serves as a natural boundary between South Carolina and Georgia <br>- Runs from the Blue Ridge Mountains to the Atlantic Ocean <br>- Native Americans used the river for commerce, trade, and transportation <br>- 1733: British established a colony at Savannah <br>- Today, trade goes up and down the river to various ports | | Chattahoochee River | - Flows through three regions: Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Coastal Plain <br>- The Creeks (Muscogee) used the river for resources like fishing.<br>- During the steamboat era, the river was used for trading goods between the Gulf of Mexico and Atlanta.<br>- Today, the river is used for: <br> - Recreational activities (boating, fishing) <br>- Industrial reasons (power plant cooling) <br>- Agricultural reasons (watering crops) |
How did rivers impact the settlement of Georgia?
As rivers from the north approach the Fall Line, the slope of the surface drops fairly quickly. The water picks up speed, providing a force to power mills and machinery. This water power was an important factor in industry along Fall Line river sites.
| Barrier Islands | - The Spanish used these islands for military work and to spread Catholic religion. <br>- Barrier islands help protect the coastline from weather and erosion. | | Okefenokee Swamp | - Seminole Native American tribe moved in after the early inhabitants <br>- They were famous for fighting in different wars in the swamp <br>- President Franklin D. Roosevelt established as a national wildlife refuge in 1937 <br>- Home to many plants & animals | | Fall Line | - Natural boundary that separates the Piedmont region from the Coastal Plains <br>- When the Piedmont region transitions to the Coastal Plains, there's a change in elevation. <br>- When a river or stream crosses this elevation change, it creates waterfalls and rapids. <br>- These rivers offer hydroelectric power, which is why many factories and mills are found in this area. | | Appalachian Mountains | - Some of the oldest mountains in the United States <br>- Due to millions of years of erosion, the mountains are now much lower than they originally were <br>- The Blue Ridge Mountains are part of the Appalachian Mountain range |
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