Kate has a sample of an unknown solid. She performed a series of experiments to determine some of its properties. Her experiments are described in the chart.

Question

Experiment Procedure
1 Place the sample over heat and determine at which temperature it changes state.
2 Expose the sample to an acid, a base, and water and observe the result.
3 Measure the volume and mass of the sample and divide them.
4 Place the sample in contact with oxygen gas and flame and observe the result.

Which of the following is correct about Kate's experiments?
A.
Experiments 1 and 2 were to find physical properties

B.
Experiments 2 and 4 were to find chemical properties.

C.
Experiments 3 and 4 were to find physical properties.

D.
Experiments 1 and 3 were to find chemical properties.

Answer 1

Let's analyze each experiment to clarify which properties are being determined:

1. Experiment 1: Measuring the temperature at which the solid changes state (melting point or boiling point) is a determination of a physical property, as it relates to the physical state of the substance.

2. Experiment 2: Exposing the sample to an acid, a base, and water and observing the results involves reactions that indicate how the substance interacts chemically with these substances, thus assessing chemical properties.

3. Experiment 3: Measuring the volume and mass of the sample and dividing them gives the density, which is a physical property of the substance.

4. Experiment 4: Placing the sample in contact with oxygen gas and flame involves a reaction that indicates whether the sample can combust or undergo a chemical reaction, thus assessing chemical properties.

Now let's examine the options to find the correct statements:

A. Experiments 1 and 2 were to find physical properties - This is incorrect; Experiment 2 pertains to chemical properties.

B. Experiments 2 and 4 were to find chemical properties - This is correct; both experiments assess how the substance reacts chemically with other substances.

C. Experiments 3 and 4 were to find physical properties - This is incorrect; Experiment 4 is chemical.

D. Experiments 1 and 3 were to find chemical properties - This is incorrect; both experiments 1 and 3 are related to physical properties.

The correct answer is B. Experiments 2 and 4 were to find chemical properties.