Regular consumption of pre-sweetened cereals contributes to tooth decay, heart disease as well as other diseases according to research by certain institutes. In a random sample of 20 similar servings of Alpha-Bits the average sugar content was 11.3 grams with standard deviation of 2.45 grams. Assuming the sugar contents are normally distributed, construct a 90% confidence interval for the mean sugar content for all single servings of Alpha-Bits.

1 answer

To construct a 90% confidence interval for the mean sugar content of Alpha-Bits, we can use the formula for the confidence interval for the mean when the population standard deviation is unknown:

\[ \text{Confidence Interval} = \bar{x} \pm t^* \left( \frac{s}{\sqrt{n}} \right) \]

Where:

  • \(\bar{x}\) is the sample mean
  • \(t^*\) is the t-score corresponding to the desired level of confidence and degrees of freedom
  • \(s\) is the sample standard deviation
  • \(n\) is the sample size

Given:

  • Sample mean (\(\bar{x}\)) = 11.3 grams
  • Sample standard deviation (\(s\)) = 2.45 grams
  • Sample size (\(n\)) = 20
  • Confidence level = 90%
  1. Determine the degrees of freedom: \[ df = n - 1 = 20 - 1 = 19 \]

  2. Look up the t-score (\(t^*\)) for a 90% confidence level with 19 degrees of freedom. You can find this value using a t-table or a calculator. For a 90% confidence interval, the t-score (two-tailed) is approximately:

\[ t^* \approx 1.729 \]

  1. Calculate the standard error (SE): \[ SE = \frac{s}{\sqrt{n}} = \frac{2.45}{\sqrt{20}} \approx \frac{2.45}{4.472} \approx 0.549 \]

  2. Calculate the margin of error: \[ \text{Margin of Error} = t^* \cdot SE = 1.729 \cdot 0.549 \approx 0.950 \]

  3. Construct the confidence interval: \[ \text{Confidence Interval} = \bar{x} \pm \text{Margin of Error} \] \[ = 11.3 \pm 0.950 \]

    • Lower limit: \(11.3 - 0.950 = 10.35\)
    • Upper limit: \(11.3 + 0.950 = 12.25\)

Therefore, the 90% confidence interval for the mean sugar content of all single servings of Alpha-Bits is approximately:

\[ \boxed{(10.35, 12.25)} \]